Moral and patriotic education of preschoolers

Makhaneva M. D.

In the draft "National Doctrine of Education in Russian Federation"emphasizes that" the education system is designed to provide<...>education of patriots of Russia, citizens of a legal democratic, social state, respecting the rights and freedoms of the individual, possessing high morality and showing national and religious tolerance.

Much has been written about the importance of introducing a child to the culture of his people, since turning to the father's heritage brings up respect, pride in the land on which you live. Therefore, children need to know and study the culture of their ancestors. It is the emphasis on knowledge of the history of the people, their culture that will help in the future to treat the cultural traditions of other peoples with respect and interest.

Thus, the moral and patriotic education of children is one of the main tasks of a preschool educational institution.

It should be emphasized that at present there is a lot of methodological literature on this issue. Often, it covers only certain aspects of the moral and patriotic education of children in specific activities and there is no coherent system that reflects the fullness of this issue. Apparently, this is natural, since the feeling of patriotism is multifaceted in content. This is love for one's native places, and pride in one's people, and a sense of one's inseparability with the outside world, and a desire to preserve and increase the wealth of one's country.

Based on this, this work includes a whole range of tasks:

— education in a child of love and affection for his family, home, kindergarten, street, city;

- formation of a careful attitude towards nature and all living things;

- education of respect for work;

— development of interest in Russian traditions and crafts;

— formation of elementary knowledge about human rights;

— expanding ideas about the cities of Russia;

- acquaintance of children with the symbols of the state (coat of arms, flag, anthem);

- developing a sense of responsibility and pride in the achievements of the country;

- the formation of tolerance, a sense of respect for other peoples, their traditions.

These tasks are solved in all types of children's activities: in the classroom, in games, at work, in everyday life - as they bring up in the child not only patriotic feelings, but also form his relationship with adults and peers.

The moral and patriotic education of a child is a complex pedagogical process. It is based on the development of moral feelings.

The feeling of the motherland... It begins in a child with the relationship to the family, to the closest people - to the mother, father, grandmother, grandfather. These are the roots that connect him with his home and immediate environment.

The feeling of the Motherland begins with admiration for what the baby sees in front of him, what he is amazed at and what causes a response in his soul ... And although many impressions are not yet deeply realized by him, but, passed through the child's perception, they play a huge role in the formation of personality patriot.

Each nation has its own fairy tales, and all of them pass on from generation to generation the basic moral values: kindness, friendship, mutual assistance, hard work. “These are the first and brilliant attempts of Russian folk pedagogy,” wrote K.D. Ushinsky, “and I don’t think that anyone would be able to compete in this case with the pedagogical genius of the people.” It is no coincidence that K.D. Ushinsky emphasized that "... education, if it does not want to be powerless, must be popular." He introduced the term " folk pedagogy", seeing in folklore works the national identity of the people, a rich material for educating love for the Motherland.

Thus, the work of oral folk art not only forms love for the traditions of their people, but also contributes to the development of the individual in the spirit of patriotism.

The immediate environment is of considerable importance for educating children's interest and love for their native land. Gradually, the child gets acquainted with the kindergarten, his street, city, and then with the country, its capital and symbols.

The system and sequence of work on the moral and patriotic education of children can be represented as follows:

Of course, this scheme cannot convey the fullness of the work on this issue. All these tasks are present, as it were, within the work of moral and patriotic education.

The task of the teacher is to select from the mass of impressions received by the child, the most accessible to him: nature and the world of animals at home ( kindergarten, native land); labor of people, traditions, social events, etc. Moreover, the episodes to which the attention of children is drawn should be bright, figurative, specific, of interest. Therefore, starting the work of cultivating love for the native land, the teacher must know it well himself. He must consider what is more appropriate to show and tell the children, highlighting in particular the most characteristic of a given area or region.

Any region, region, even a small village is unique. Each place has its own nature, traditions and way of life. The selection of appropriate material allows preschoolers to form an idea of ​​what one region is famous for.

Hometown ... We must show the child. that the native city is famous for its history, traditions, sights, monuments, the best people.

What information and concepts about their hometown can children learn?

• A four-year-old child must know the name of his street and the one on which the kindergarten is located.
• The attention of older children should be drawn to the objects that are located on the nearest streets: a school, a cinema, a post office, a pharmacy, etc., they should be told about their purpose, and it should be emphasized that all this was created for the convenience of people.
• The range of objects that older preschoolers are introduced to. expands - it is the district and the city as a whole, its sights, historical sites and monuments. Children are told in whose honor they are erected. An older preschooler should know the name of his city, his street, the streets adjacent to it, and also in whose honor they are named. They explain to him that every person has a home and a city where he was born and lives. This requires excursions around the city, to nature, observations of the work of adults, where each child begins to realize that work unites people, requires them to coherently, mutually help, and know their business. And here the acquaintance of children with the folk crafts of the region, folk craftsmen is of great importance.

In moral and patriotic education, the example of adults, especially close people, is of great importance. Based on specific facts from the life of older family members (grandfathers and grandmothers, participants in the Great Patriotic War, their front-line and labor exploits), it is necessary to instill in children such important concepts as "duty to the Motherland", "love for the Fatherland", "hatred of the enemy", "labor feat", etc. It is important to bring the child to the understanding that we won because we love our Motherland, the Motherland honors its heroes who gave their lives for the happiness of people. Their names are immortalized in the names of cities, streets, squares, monuments were erected in their honor.

The continuation of this work is the acquaintance of children with other cities of Russia, with the capital of our Motherland, with the anthem, flag and emblem of the state.

However, it should be emphasized that the proposed system of moral and patriotic education can be modified depending on specific conditions.

It is wrong to believe that by cultivating love for the family, we are already instilling love for the Motherland. Unfortunately, there are cases when devotion to one's home coexists with indifference to the fate of the country, and sometimes even with betrayal. Therefore, it is important that children see the “civilian face” of their family as early as possible. (Do they know why their grandparents received medals? Do they know famous ancestors? etc.)

To show, through the small and the big, the dependence between the activity of one person and the life of all people - this is what is important for the education of moral and patriotic feelings.

Work organized in this way will contribute to proper development microclimate in the family, as well as fostering love for one's country.

For example, when educating children to love their city, it is necessary to bring them to the understanding that their city is a part of the Motherland, since in all places, large and small, there is much in common:

• everywhere people work for everyone (teachers teach children; doctors treat the sick; workers make cars, etc.);
• traditions are observed everywhere: the Motherland remembers the heroes who defended it from enemies;
• people live everywhere different nationalities work together and help each other;
• people cherish and protect nature;
• there are common professional and public holidays, etc.

To be a citizen, a patriot is by all means to be an internationalist. Therefore, the upbringing of love for one's Fatherland, pride in one's country should be combined with the formation of a benevolent attitude towards the culture of other peoples, towards each person individually, regardless of skin color and religion.

Of course, a humane attitude towards people of different nationalities is created in a child primarily under the influence of parents and teachers, i.e. adults who are near him. This is especially true today, when confrontations arise over these problems among some part of the adult population. Therefore, it is especially important in kindergarten to support and direct the child’s interest in people of other nationalities, to tell where this people lives territorially, about the uniqueness of nature and climatic conditions on which their way of life, the nature of work, etc. depend.

By the end of the preschool period, the child should know: our country is inhabited by people of different nationalities; each nation has its own language, customs and traditions, art and architecture; every nation is talented and rich in craftsmen, musicians, artists, etc.

Thus, in solving the problems of moral and patriotic education, each teacher must build his work in accordance with local conditions and characteristics of children, taking into account the following principles:

• "positive centrism" (selection of knowledge that is most relevant for a child of a given age);
• continuity and continuity of the pedagogical process;
• differentiated approach to each child, maximum consideration of his psychological characteristics, opportunities and interests;
• rational combination different types activities, age-appropriate balance of intellectual, emotional and motor loads;
• activity approach;
• the developing nature of education based on children's activity.

The planning of this work is most expedient on the following topics: "My family", "My street", "My kindergarten". Work on each topic should include classes, games, excursions, unregulated activities for children, and holidays on some topics.

Thematic planning contributes to the effective and systematic assimilation of knowledge by children about their country, native land, the area where they live. Moreover, the topics are repeated in each group. Only the content, the volume of cognitive material and complexity, and therefore the duration of the study, change. Separate topics should preferably be timed to coincide with specific events and holidays, for example, acquaintance with rights and obligations - in December (before Constitution Day), Bogatyrs of the Russian Land - in February (before Defender of the Fatherland Day), etc., thereby ensuring communication with public events.

Thematic classes are the main form of moral and patriotic education of children. It is important that they increase children's mental activity. This is helped by methods of comparison (work on the collective farm before and now, abacus and computers, etc.), questions, individual tasks. It is necessary to teach children to independently analyze what they see, to make generalizations, conclusions. You can offer to find the answer in the illustrations, ask your parents, etc.

It should be emphasized that the child preschool age short-term interests, unstable attention, fatigue are characteristic. Therefore, repeated appeal to the same topic only contributes to the development of attention in children and the long-term preservation of interest in one topic. In addition, it is necessary to combine classes in one topic not only in the native language, but also in acquaintance with nature, music, art activities (for example, "My city", "The capital of our Motherland - Moscow").

Taking into account the age characteristics of children requires the wide use of game techniques, which are important both for increasing the cognitive activity of children and for creating an emotional atmosphere for the lesson. For example, in the game "Souvenir Shop" the child is asked to determine: where, what material a particular craft is made of, what it is called (Khokhloma, haze, Gzhel). Of great interest to children are games of "trips and journeys" (along the Volga, into the past of the city, etc.). Thus, each topic should be supported by various games, productive activities (making collages, crafts, albums, thematic drawing). The results of work on a topic that unites the knowledge of children can be presented during common holidays, family entertainment.

It should be emphasized that the difficulties in familiarizing children with everyday life, traditions, and individual historical moments are caused by the fact that visual-figurative thinking is characteristic of preschoolers. Therefore, it is necessary to use not only fiction, illustrations, jokes, etc., but also "live" visual objects and materials ( National costumes, antique furniture, dishes, tools, etc.). "Everyday life" is extremely effective for familiarizing children with fairy tales, folk crafts, household antiques. For this, visits to museums are desirable, as well as the organization of special facilities in kindergarten. It is here that the child opens up the opportunity for the first penetration into the history of the life of his native land. In addition, in such a "room" the possibilities of presenting information through the game (through the heroes of fairy tales, etc.) expand.

An equally important condition for the moral and patriotic education of children is a close relationship with their parents. Touching the history of one's family evokes strong emotions in the child, makes him empathize, be attentive to the memory of the past, to his historical roots. Interaction with parents on this issue contributes to a careful attitude to traditions, the preservation of vertical family ties. "In your family and under your leadership, a future citizen is growing<...>Everything that happens in the country should come to the children through your soul and your thought, "- this commandment of A.S. Makarenko must be used when the educator works with both children and their parents.

At present, this work is relevant and especially difficult, it requires great tact and patience, since in young families the issues of educating patriotism and citizenship are not considered important, and often cause only bewilderment.

Involving the family in the moral and patriotic education of children requires the educator to have special tact, attention and sensitivity to each child. In this regard, it may be necessary to involve someone in the search for documents about family members. Voluntary participation of everyone is a mandatory requirement and condition of this work.

It should be noted that at present people have an interest in their genealogy, in the study of national, estate, professional roots and their kind in different generations. Therefore, a family study of their pedigree will help children begin to comprehend very important and deep postulates:

• the roots of each are in the history and traditions of the family, their people, the past of the region and the country;
• the family is the cell of society, the guardian of national traditions;
• the happiness of the family is the happiness and well-being of the people, society, state.

Family excursions around the region, city or village, visits with parents to individual enterprises and institutions of the region, etc. are of great importance. The results of such excursions can be expressed in a photo exhibition, a joint performance with a child or a film made. It is equally interesting to conduct a "mini-study". Moreover, the educator, together with the parents, must choose and determine the topic of the study, reasonably limiting its "territorial" and "time frames", for example, the study is not of the history of the city in general, but of the history of the street (on which the kindergarten is located or children live), or the past of the house and the fate of its inhabitants, the history of the sponsoring enterprise, etc.

It's good when classes family clubs include folklore works (painting clay toys, folk weaving, etc.), as well as local traditional holidays and ceremonies, Christmas balls, Russian Maslenitsa, birches, etc. Of course, all this introduces children to the history of the region and its people, brings up love for the Motherland.

Application

Thematic plan of work on the moral and patriotic education of children of the senior group

September

Theme "My family"

Work on the concept of "relatives". Reading a poem by Y. Akim "My relatives")

Reading poems about sister, brother, etc. prepared in advance by children.

Children's stories about family members based on personal experience.

Discussion of an excerpt from the story of V. Dragunsky "My sister Xenia".

Drawing on the theme "My family".

Conversations on the topic "Where we rested in the summer" (viewing photos).

Discussing family situations.

Role-playing game "Family".

October

Theme "My favorite kindergarten"

A conversation about the importance of the work of all people working in kindergarten.

Making crafts from natural and waste material as a gift for children of the younger group.

Singing songs and reading poems about kindergarten.

Relationship with other activities

Work on cleaning the leaves on the site of the kindergarten.

Exhibition of children's drawings on the theme "My favorite kindergarten".

November

Theme "My area and the city where I live"

Game "Souvenir shop" ("sale" of souvenirs of Nizhny Novgorod masters).

Listening to songs about your hometown (recorded).

Relationship with other activities

Examination of photographs depicting the most famous places in the area, city.

Production of the album "Nature of my land".

Role-playing game "Mail" (for knowing the address of the house and kindergarten)

December 1 - 2 weeks

Theme "Me and my name"

What is a person's name for? (conversation).

"Full" and "incomplete" name (game).

Etude "Call me affectionately".

Relationship with other activities

Production of name cards.

Drawing on the theme "My best friend".

Entertainment "A friend in need will not leave."

December 3 – 4 weeks

Topic " New Year at the gate"

Riddles about winter.

Conversation about the meeting of the New Year in other countries.

Making postcards with new year wishes in the drawings.

Writing a letter to Santa Claus

Relationship with other activities

Drawing on the theme "New Year's performance".

Application "Christmas tree".

Action "Feed the birds".

January

Theme "Our Motherland - Russia"

Examination of reproductions from paintings about native nature.

Reading a poem by M. Matusovsky "Where does the Motherland begin?"

Explanation of the meaning of proverbs about the Motherland.

The story of the Russian flag (coloring the drawn flag).

Relationship with other activities

Examination of illustrations depicting the nature of various parts of our Motherland.

Drawing on the theme "My Motherland".

Singing Russian folk songs, ditties, carols.

Christmas entertainment.

Folk games.

February 1 – 2 weeks

Theme "Moscow - the main city of our Motherland"

Role-playing game "Steamboat on the Moscow River".

"Walking around Moscow" (video film accompanied by songs about Moscow).

Relationship with other activities

Making the stand "Moscow - the capital of our Motherland" (together with parents).

Construction of the Moscow Kremlin.

Reading poems about Moscow.

Children's stories from personal experience (who visited Moscow).

February 3 – 4 weeks

Theme "Our Defenders" (to the Defender of the Fatherland Day)

The story of the invited warrior (from the popes) about the defenders of the Fatherland.

Watching the video film "Defenders of the Fatherland".

Singing songs about the army.

Relationship with other activities

Making gifts for dads and grandfathers.

Sports entertainment "Together with dad."

Dad's stories about military service.

March

Theme "I love my dear mother very much"

Talk about mothers.

Compilation of stories on the topic "Why I love my mother. How I help her."

Singing songs about mom, reading poetry.

Relationship with other activities

Drawing a portrait "My mother".

Making a gift for mom.

Family gatherings "Together with mom."

April

Theme "Our astronauts"

The teacher's story about the astronauts (with watching a video).

A conversation about the fact that people of different nationalities fly into space. They are friendly, so everything works out for them.

The game "Cosmonauts".

Relationship with other activities

Making attributes for role-playing game"Cosmonauts".

drawing on the topic.

Spacecraft construction.

Theme "This Victory Day"

Meeting with a veteran (great-grandfather of one of the children).

A conversation about the war with watching movie fragments.

Listening and singing front-line songs.

Games (competitive)

Relationship with other activities

Making holiday cards.

Planting flowers on the alley of the kindergarten.

Stand decoration.

June August

Theme "Nizhny Novgorod - before and now"

Thematic plan of work on the moral and patriotic education of children in the group preparatory to school

September

Theme "My family"

Solving the rebus "7 I".

Work on the concept of "family".

Discussion of V. Dragunsky's story "There is a big movement on Sadovaya".

Drawing a house for my family.

Relationship with other activities

Talking to children about their household chores family traditions and holidays.

Sculpting and drawing household utensils for playing "Family".

Making a panel "My family".

October 1 – 2 weeks

Theme "I love my kindergarten and the area where I live"

A conversation about the professions of people working in kindergarten.

The stories of pre-prepared children (together with their parents) about the historical places of the district and its famous people(after whom the streets are named). Looking at photographs.

Project for children of senior preschool age in kindergarten "I love Russia"

Educational:
1. Education of love and respect for their national characteristics;
2. Education of love for the native land, for the Motherland (the idea of ​​the country, cities, capital, symbols of the state);
3. Raising interest in Russian folk tales;
4. Raising interest in the heroes of Russian cartoons (Cheburashka and crocodile Gena)
Educational:
1. Acquaintance with the sights of the city, architectural monuments, with the names of streets bearing the names of famous people;
2. Acquaintance with the events that took place in the country, expanding ideas about the country, the capital, the symbols of the state;
3. Formation of love for the native land (involvement in home, family, kindergarten, city);
4. Formation of spiritual and moral relations;
5. Formation of love for the cultural heritage of their people.
Expected result: On the basis of vivid impressions about the native nature, about the history of the native land, about the Motherland, the child develops certain character traits that will help him become a patriot and citizen of his country.
Preliminary work:[
setting goals and objectives;
acquisition of visual didactic material;
work with cognitive and fiction (selection of illustrations, books, fairy tales, stories, riddles, poems);
selection of didactic, mobile and finger games;
plans for joint educational activities;
instructions for parents;
purchase of a CD with recordings of Russian cartoons

Cooperation with other teachers:
music director and music instructor physical culture organize a sports and music event "We are the future of Russia", dedicated to the Day People's Unity;
a teacher in fine arts organizes a lesson on the topic "Nature of the native land" and "National ornament of the Komi people"
Family collaboration: Parents together with their children participate in a sports and musical event, dedicated to the Day national unity, "We are the future of Russia!"
Product project activities:
Quiz "Russia is my Motherland"

CONTENT OF PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Stage I - preparatory (collection and accumulation of information)
- preparation of a questionnaire for parents on the topic "Patriotic upbringing of a child";
- development of a long-term plan for the implementation of the project;
- development of GCD plans;
- selection of visual material (illustrations, toys) to create a developing environment in the group;
- selection fiction and artistic word for reading and retelling in the course of GCD, conversations and independent activities of children;
- selection of didactic, mobile and finger games on the topic of the project. - filling out a questionnaire on the topic "Patriotic upbringing of a child"

Stage II - main (practical)
first day
- Reading poems about the nature of Russia. Discussion of what has been read.
- Conversation "I love you, Russia"
- Examination of illustrations on the topic "Nature of Russia"

second day
- Conversation "My Motherland"
- Reading and discussion of the poem "Song" by V. Stepanov
- consideration of illustrations on the topic "Natural zones of Russia"
Parents are invited to read V. Stepanov's poem "Native Spaces" to the child and discuss it.

third day
- Conversation "Big and small Motherland"
- sliding folder "Birch - a symbol of Russia"

fourth day
- Synopsis of the NOD "Russia is a huge country"
- finger game "Native land"
- lesson with a teacher on fine arts "Nature of the native land"

fifth day
- Game-journey "Moscow - the main city of our Motherland"
- sliding folder for parents "Moscow - the capital of Russia"
- finger game"Moscow"
- examination of illustrations on the theme "Moscow"

sixth day
- Conversation "State symbols of Russia"

seventh day
- Synopsis of the NOD "Russian Army"
- Examination of illustrations on the topic "Army of Russia", "Our defenders", "Military equipment"

eighth day
- Participation with parents in a sports and entertainment event dedicated to the Day of National Unity (with music director and physical education instructor

ninth day
- Synopsis of the NOD "Hometown"
- Consideration of illustrations on the topic "Syktyvkar"
- Making a photo album "Memorable places of our city"

tenth day
- Presentation "Nature of the Komi Republic"
- a lesson in visual activity with a teacher in art "National ornament of the Komi people"

eleventh day
- Reading the Komi fairy tale "Mouse and Magpie"
- replenishment of the Komi corner with new items of utensils

twelfth day
- Conversation "Family and family traditions"
- Finger game "Family"
- Parents are invited to learn the words of the game "Matryoshka and Mice"

thirteenth day
- Conversation "Russian nesting dolls"
- Application "Outfit for nesting dolls"
- Coloring "Matryoshka"

fifteenth day
- Talk about Russian cartoons.
- Reading "The Adventures of Cheburashka" V. Uspensky
- Viewing the Cartoon "Cheburashka and Crocodile Gena"
- Drawing "Cheburashka" - Watch the cartoon "Cheburashka and Crocodile Gena" in the family circle

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1 Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution kindergarten 7, Kizel, Perm region Report Moral-patriotic education in the senior group. Developed by: teacher Dolmanova Nadezhda Nikolaevna 2015

2 Moral and patriotic education in the senior group. Currently, one of the most acute problems is the education of patriotism. Preschool educational institutions, being the initial link in the education system, are called upon to form in children the first idea of ​​the world around them, their attitude to their native nature, their small Motherland, and their Fatherland. Obviously, for this it is necessary to determine the moral guidelines that can evoke feelings of self-respect and unity. Patriotic education today is one of the most important links in the system of educational work. It is aimed at the formation and development of a person who has the qualities of a citizen of a patriot of the Motherland and is able to successfully fulfill civic duties in peacetime and wartime. Much has been written about the importance of introducing a child to the culture of his people, since turning to the father's heritage brings up respect, pride in the land on which you live. Therefore, children need to know and study the culture of their ancestors. It is the emphasis on knowledge of the history of the people, their culture that will help in the future to treat the cultural traditions of other peoples with respect and interest. Thus, the patriotic education of children is one of the main tasks of a preschool educational institution. Patriotism is a special emotional experience of one's belonging to a country and one's citizenship, language, and traditions. Ideas about patriotism are associated with a reverent attitude towards the Motherland, but the idea of ​​the essence of patriotism in different people different. For this reason, some people consider themselves patriots, while others do not consider themselves as such. The answer to the question "What is patriotism?" at different times tried to give many famous people our country. So, S.I. Ozhegov defined patriotism as "loyalty and love for one's Fatherland and one's people". G. Baklanov wrote that this is "not valor, not a profession, but a natural human feeling." Recently, the term "new patriotism" has appeared, which includes a sense of responsibility to society, a feeling of deep spiritual attachment to the family, home, homeland, native nature, and a tolerant attitude towards other people. The formation of the personality of the child, his upbringing begins with the upbringing

3 senses through the world positive emotions, through the obligatory familiarization with culture, providing spiritual and intellectual food, which he needs so much. Doctor and teacher M.M. Montessori wrote in her book "Children's House" in 1915: "The main thing in working with children aged 3-7 years is the education of feelings, that is, the dynamics from feelings to ideas." What "Ways and means of patriotic education of a Russian person" include: 1. The concept of patriotism, heroism and their manifestations. 2. Views on patriotism in chronicles. 3. Russian folk epics as a means of educating patriotism (love for the Motherland, hatred for enemies, readiness to defend native land). 4. The role of Russian fairy tales in the process of forming love for the Motherland, for one's people, for the nature of one's native land; fairy tales about soldier friendship and so on. 5. Heroic and patriotic songs of the Russian people and their educational role 6. Russian proverbs and sayings about patriotism, heroism, courage, cowardice, betrayal. Their use in educational work with kids. Of course, work on patriotic education should begin with the creation of a warm, cozy atmosphere for children. Every day a child in kindergarten should be filled with joy, smiles, good friends, fun games. Indeed, with the upbringing of a sense of attachment to the native kindergarten, native street, native family, the formation of the foundation begins, on which a more complex formation of a feeling of love for one's Fatherland will grow. The sociocultural situation of today puts before the educator the problem of finding means of modernizing the work of educating patriotism in the new conditions. For this reason, the teacher should include subject environment those materials that arouse interest among the pupils of his group provide a variety and changeability of materials, both in form and in content. Books, games, toys are updated depending on the topics that are being discussed with the children at the moment, and on those in which preschoolers remain interested. Solving the problems of developing ideas about the native country, children's interest in it, the educator uses a variety of forms and methods: conversations, games, activities, stories of children and adults, looking at photographs and illustrations, excursions and targeted walks, travel games,

4 didactic games, reading books and studying encyclopedias, joint activities with children with maps and diagrams. Of particular importance for preschoolers are those forms of work where they can actively show their attitude to their native city, country, and the life of other peoples. This is the creation of thematic exhibitions of drawings, collective collages, applications "My Motherland", "Birds of the world are flying", "Children of the whole Earth are friends", holding musical leisure and holidays. Work aimed at enriching preschoolers' ideas about their native country on each topic, the teacher should begin with the organization of active forms of children's accumulation of visual and practical experience of viewing slides and videos about their native city, Russia and other countries, joint visits with parents to the local history museum, the museum of the city's history , walks to the memorable places of the city. In everyday work, the educator should conduct conversations with children: “What was the name of our city before?”, “The most beautiful corner of Russia?”, “What is interesting in different countries?”, “How are they similar and how are they different different nations Russia? Patriotic education is the basis for the formation of a future citizen. The task of educating patriotism is currently very difficult. To achieve a certain result, it is necessary to find non-traditional methods of influencing the child, his emotional and moral spheres. Love for the Motherland begins with the attitude towards the closest people to the father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, with love for one's home, the street on which the child lives, the kindergarten, the city. Already at preschool age, a child can and should know what country he lives in, how it differs from other countries, that our society was strengthened in the fight against enemies, that the best people gave their lives for the sake of his cloudless childhood. It is necessary to carry out work on cultivating love for the native city and its people. Tell as much as possible about Moscow, the capital of our Motherland, the city where they live. Cultivate a sense of pride in your country. There are various forms of education in children of patriotic feelings. These are conversations about the Motherland, about the native city, nature, about good people reading children's books on patriotic themes, an appropriate selection of songs and poems for learning, watching movies, purposeful games and, of course, a personal example of teachers and parents. Children are strongly impressed by stories about the heroes of the Second World War and labor. Heroism, courage, steadfastness, readiness to perform feats in the name of the Motherland, these features of the Russian warrior are understandable to older preschoolers. In the senior group, work on the education of patriotic feelings in children is carried out through the involvement of pupils in artistic, visual, theatrical, musical, sports

5 activity, which ultimately contributes to the achievement of certain results in patriotic education. interesting shape the interaction of teachers, children and parents, which helps to expand the ideas of older preschoolers about their native country, develop children's curiosity, bring parents and children closer, is the method of joint projects. In the course of organizing such projects, it is very important for the teacher to interest parents, to show them the importance of implementing joint projects with children for developing the curiosity of preschoolers, expanding their horizons, and developing cognitive activity.

Project Small Motherland Topic: Creative research project for the development of moral patriotic education "My small motherland - my village" for children of the senior group with ONR. Relevance of the project: "Love

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Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution Child development center kindergarten 13 "Rainbow" TIN 0318009037 KPP 031801001 OGRN 1020300817712 Address Gusinoozersk, st. Klyuchevskaya 13, tel.

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Project "We are great-grandchildren Great Victory"(MDOU d / s 9 "Fairy Tale" of the general developing type of the city of Furmanov) 1. RELEVANCE OF THE PROJECT In 2015, the significant date 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War

Municipal Autonomous Preschool Educational Institution Combined Kindergarten 12 "Birch" Personal experience presented by: Educator of the 1st qualification category Dikhtyar Victoria Alexandrovna

Project "May 9 Victory Day!" Passport of project activity 1. Introduction. Patriotic education is the basis for the formation of a future citizen. Patriotic feeling does not arise by itself. This is the result

Report on the topic: "Patriotic education of preschoolers." Prepared by: Educator Kozlova Elena Alekseevna CONTENTS 1. The formation of patriotism. 2. Goals and objectives of patriotic education.

PROJECT "My native Altai Territory" You remember not a big country that you traveled and got to know. You remember the Motherland the way you saw it as a child Simonov Actuality. Homeland, Fatherland. in the roots

MUNICIPAL AUTONOMOUS PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF NEFTEYUGANSK "KINDERGARTEN 6 "LUKOMORYE" PROJECT OF THE SENIOR GROUP 2 "SMILE" "For children about the war" NEFTEYUGANSK 2017. PREPARED by educators

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MADOO "Kindergarten 6 "Matryoshka" Zvenigorod Project on patriotic education of preschool children "Victory Day May 9!" Prepared by: educator Kozhina Elena Lvovna Purpose of the project: Purpose and objectives

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REVIEW on the methodological association of educators presents the experience of the teacher MBDOU 19 "Alyonushka", Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Straton Lyudmila Alexandrovna on the topic " moral and patriotic upbringing

Municipal preschool educational institution kindergarten 5 of the general developmental type of the Istra municipal district Cognitive project for the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War "Let's bow

Passport of the project "Heroes of war our countrymen" on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 Completed by: Educator Utkina G.I. MDOU Kindergarten 1 p. Molokovo 2015 Type of project: long-term,

MUNICIPAL AUTONOMOUS PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF NEFTEYUGANSK "KINDERGARTEN 20 "CINDERELLA" Project on moral and patriotic education "My small homeland-Nefteyugansk" Preparatory

Municipal Autonomous Preschool Educational Institution Kindergarten 33 "Zvyozdochka" of the Municipal Formation Abinsk District Social parent-child project "Thanks to grandma and grandpa for their great

Municipal preschool educational institution kindergarten 1 "ROMASHKA" of the city of Furmanov PROJECT "MY CITY" (PREPARATORY GROUP) Educator Mateeva E.R. Project in preparatory group Topic:

Project in the preparatory school group “Sunny Bunnies” “February 23 is a red day of the calendar. On this day, the whole family congratulates the father and grandfather ”Prepared by: educators Fedorova E.V. Pyatkina L.V. MBDOU

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution of a combined type kindergarten 3 "Snezhinka" of the Pushkinsky municipal district Project on social and communicative development in middle school children

Municipal Autonomous Preschool Educational Institution of the Beloyarsky District "Child Development Center - Kindergarten "Skazka" city of Beloyarsky" Project on the topic: "Heroes - defenders of the Russian land" Deadline

The project was completed by: Liseykina E.A. Gurova L.N. December 2017 - February 2018 "I am part of Russia" Type of project: pedagogical, creative, productive, group. Project duration: medium-term, 3 months.

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MBDOU "Kindergarten 165" Project "My small homeland-Barnaul" Chernova Yu.S. Stepanova I.V. Project type: information and creative Project participants: children, teachers, parents PROJECT OBJECTIVE: To introduce children to

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STATE BUDGET PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF SEVASTOPOL "KINDERGARTEN 41" ACCEPTED: on pedagogical council protocol 3 dated February 28, 2017 Partial program “My small Motherland

Passport of the socio-pedagogical project "Victory Day" Authors of the project: Didenko Inga Vasilievna, Vasilenko Natalya Viktorovna. Type of project: information and research. Project duration: short term

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW STATE BUDGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW "SCHOOL WITH IN-DEPTH STUDY OF ENGLISH 1352" PROJECT "ABOUT MOSCOW" Authors of the project: educators

MBOU "Taksimovskaya secondary school 1 named after A.A. Mezentsev" SOCIAL PROJECT Author of the project: Spitsyna Tatyana Dmitrievna, Deputy Director for VR of the village of Taksimo. 2017 Explanatory note"Love for the Fatherland begins

MKDOU Zdvinsky kindergarten "Sun" of a general developmental type Pedagogical project "The Great Holiday Victory Day" Leaders: Sheshegova N.M. Kazantseva G.S. Zdvinsk 2015 Type of project: information and research,

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Parent-child project "Road of Life" for older children

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Municipal Autonomous Preschool Educational Institution "Kindergarten 11 of the General Developmental Kind" of Veliky Novgorod "Patriotic Education in Physical Education Work" Prepared by:

Problem. The patriotic feelings of children for the events of the Second World War, for the celebration of Victory Day and heroic-patriotic education in the family are not sufficiently formed. The relevance of the project. Preschool is the time

Tasks: to form in children ideas about the rights and obligations of a citizen, symbols of the state: the anthem, flag, coat of arms, their definition, image, meaning; to form a respectful attitude towards state symbols; enrich the vocabulary with the words: state, citizen, rights, obligations; develop children's speech logical thinking, memory, imagination.

Expected results: at the end of the lesson, pupils will be able to realize that any child is a citizen of their country, everyone must observe the rights and obligations of a citizen.

Material and equipment: cards with riddles about the symbols of Russia; audio recording "Hymn of Russia"; soft modules, arch from balloons, glue, scissors; handout: flags and emblems of Russia; multimedia presentation, badges "Young citizen of Russia".

Lesson progress

To the music, the children enter the hall and stand in a line. Here they are met by a teacher and, reciting a poem, everyone begins to perform exercises.

Hello golden sun!

(Circular movements of the hands.)

Hello blue sky!

(Hands up, rise on toes.)

Hello free breeze!

(Swinging with raised arms.)

Hello little oak tree!

(Hands forward.)

We live in our native land!

(Hold hands.)

I welcome you all!

Educator (V.). Good afternoon! Guys, how beautiful and elegant you are today. Tell me, when one person is happy to see another at a meeting, what does he usually do? (Children's answers.) That's right, and you will smile at each other.

Today I invite you to visit the Country of the Young Citizen, an amazing kingdom - a state of law. Guys, to become a citizen of this country, you need to open the lock on the gate with the help of answers to questions. You are ready? Then listen to the questions and answer them.

• What is the name of our country? (Russia.)
• The capital of our country? (Moscow.)
• Who rules our country? (The president.)
• What is the name of the President of Russia? (Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.)

You answered the questions correctly, please go through the gate, but do not push each other, let the girls go forward.

The children, together with the teacher, open the symbolic lock and go through the balloon arch to the music.

AT. Before us is the first city of the Country of the young citizen, it is called Heraldry. All countries of the world, all the states that exist on our Earth, have their own symbols. Listen to riddles.

It has many names:

Tricolor, tricolor banner -

With the wind drives away anxiety

White-blue-red… (flag).

It complements the anthem and the flag,

Any country is the main sign.

Russia has a special

You try to name it. (Coat of arms.)

Children guess riddles, look at images of the flag and coat of arms of Russia on the slides of a multimedia presentation.

AT. Residents of the city of Heraldry are true masters of their craft. They create symbols for all countries and cities and treat them very carefully. I suggest that you become masters in the manufacture of symbols.

Children are preparing the application "Coats of arms on the flags of Russia."

AT. Well done boys! You are real masters and, of course, you know which main coat of arms you have made. Please answer my questions again.

What does the eagle on the coat of arms of the Russian Federation mean? (Pride, grandeur.) Why is the image of this bird unusual? (The two heads of the eagle symbolize the unity of the country: it looks at the West and the East at the same time, guards its possessions in Europe and Asia.)

The slide shows a view of this city, a fragment of the Russian anthem sounds.

AT. Guys, do you know the name of this piece? (Children's answers.) That's right, the anthem of Russia is the most important solemn song in the country. To the sounds of the anthem, awards are presented to the best people, soldiers take an oath, and take an oath of allegiance to the Motherland. How should one behave when the anthem is played? (Children's answers.) That's right, you need to listen to him while standing. You can not be distracted and talk. Listen to the anthem again, pay attention to the words. With what words does the author of the anthem glorify our Motherland? (Mighty, sacred, great, free.)

AT. Guys, who can sit while the anthem is playing? (Children's answers.) That's right, disabled people and women who are waiting for the birth of a child.

The slide shows a view of the city.

AT. Every citizen in the country has its own rights and obligations. This is the basis, the original bricks from which the state is built. Before you are the bricks from which I propose to build a large rule of law state.

Children from modules with the names of rights and obligations build a legal state.

AT. Guys, let's do a little experiment. Imagine that we have built our real big state. Its strength is based on the rights and duties of citizens. If I remove, for example, one right and one obligation, what will happen to such a house? (Children's answers.) That's right, it will collapse. Tell me, if a person does not fulfill his obligations to the state, what can happen? (The state will become weaker.) That's right, therefore, it is imperative to observe all your obligations to the state so that trouble does not happen.

Today we visited the Country of the Young Citizen. What do you think, what kind of person can be called a citizen? What rights and obligations does he have? (Children's answers.)

Thanks guys! You are just great today. Know the symbols of the country: the anthem, the flag, the coat of arms of Russia; learned rights and obligations.

Congratulations, all of you are awarded the honorary title of "Young Citizen of Russia".

Solemn presentation of badges "Young Citizen of Russia".

AT. Our stay in the Country of the Young Citizen is coming to an end, it's time to return to the group.

Children to the music through the arch of the balls leave the hall.

In the program of education of preschool children in Russia, the main position is given to acquaintance with the Fatherland, its traditions, heroes. Patriotic education in kindergarten aims to teach kids loyalty to the Motherland, the readiness to be on guard of its interests, to fulfill their duty to the state, their city and family.

In a preschool institution, work with children to form the foundations of patriotism, respect for the Motherland, its values ​​begins with early age and is a purposeful systematic activity to create a spiritual and moral principle, patriotic consciousness, a feeling of love for the Fatherland, respect for its symbols.

Moral and patriotic education in kindergarten is a set of civic-oriented activities that contribute to the formation of common values ​​in a child and his family.

Relevance of the program

Many events, facts are not fully realized by children with a deep understanding of the problem. But, passing them through their children's thinking, perception, preschoolers receive valuable guidelines for citizenship, patriotism, diligence, and a healthy rhythm of life.

Kids learn that the Motherland will only become more beautiful, richer, strong and independent when everyone, including them, will make efforts to become its power and steadfastness.

The guys understand that they need to learn a lot in order to contribute to the development of the city in which they live, will study and work. Starting acquaintance with the small Motherland, preschoolers gradually learn their belonging to the great Motherland - Russia.

To be a citizen of the Russian Federation means to be the son of a great state, to carry its banner high and be responsible for its stability and well-being.

The goal of the moral and patriotic education of children is to form among preschoolers a relationship of high spiritual morality with an active life position aimed at preserving and increasing the achievements of the people of their country.

Tasks:

• To cultivate love and reverent attitude to the values ​​of the family, kindergarten, hometown.
• Contribute to the formation of a desire to participate in public events aimed at improving their yard, the territory of the group, the streets of their native city.
• To teach a caring attitude towards relatives and friends, younger peers and the older generation.
• Cultivate respect for the work of various professions.
• To develop interest in the traditions of the native land, to observe and preserve them.

• To form a reverent attitude towards nature, its resources, to use them economically.
• To acquaint with the symbols of the Russian state, its significance for the people and the country as a whole.
• To give ideas about the rights of the child, aimed at protecting the interests of each preschooler.
• To expand children's ideas about the regions of the country, its big cities.
• Raise pride in Russians who have achieved success in various fields of activity: agriculture, science, sports, culture, education.
• To promote the development of international feelings in relation to other peoples, their culture, traditions.

Pedagogical principles

When planning classes in kindergarten, the teacher takes into account the basic principles of working with children:

• regionalization;
• continuity;
• availability;
• scientific character;
• integrity;
• consistency;
• succession;
• culture;
• stimulation of children's activities.

Structure

Work on the education of patriotic feelings among preschoolers can be divided into thematic blocks for the convenience of children's perception.

This street, this house

Target: Consolidate and expand the knowledge of preschoolers about the streets of the city on which they live.

Tasks: To introduce the children to the history of the emergence of the names of streets, enterprises, objects social purpose located on them.

The teacher reveals to the children the unknown on the street where they live, teaches them to notice how the city is being built, who is building it, and how this makes the street even more beautiful. The attention of the kids is drawn to the cleanliness and order around the houses. Children are involved in the improvement and landscaping of the territory of the kindergarten and their homes.

Together friendly family

Target: Expanding the knowledge of preschoolers about the structure of the family, the need to strengthen family ties.

Tasks: To develop interest in the representatives of older generations, their role in family relationships. To cultivate respect for the oldest relatives, the desire to take care of them.

In the course of working with children, the educator forms an idea of ​​family roots: parents, grandparents, great-grandfathers. Studying the biography of your family can turn into an exciting activity - designing a family tree, where there will be a photo and a baby.

The teacher can decorate the “Do as we do” corner, where there is a place for photographs of kids with their parents on a hike, in a circus, in a forest, on the way to kindergarten. A colorfully designed stand will contribute to the transmission of positive parenthood, the prevention of early trouble.

City where I live

Target: To reveal the beauty of the city in which children live, to show its social significance in the development of the country.

Tasks: Tell preschoolers what it is - the products of the enterprise of the city where their close relatives work. Show the importance of production in the world market. To acquaint children with cultural objects, ancient monuments, religious architecture.

The teacher shows the importance of the work of parents of preschoolers, their contribution to the development of the country's economy. The guys know the history of temples, to whom and for what merits monuments were erected, what steles and mass graves remind us of. Children, coming into contact with the history of the city, learn to honor the memory of fallen soldiers, take care of war and labor veterans.

Our pantry

Target: To acquaint the children with the variety of natural resources of their native land, to teach them to use them carefully and economically.

Tasks: To develop the idea of ​​preschoolers about the country's natural resources, their extraction and purpose. Teaching career guidance to children.

The educator, together with the pupils, studies the “pantry” of the country and determines ways to increase it. Consultations for parents help the children to comprehensively educate the economy of water, electricity, and heat resources. Children learn management, the planned distribution of material wealth.

Expected Result

Forms and methods of work

• conversations with looking at photographs;
• pedagogical project “We and Russia are one family”;
• excursions to famous objects;
• games "Find out where it is located", "My house is the most beautiful"; "Who's doing this?";
• KVN with the participation of parents "Do we know everything about our city?", quizzes, brand-rings, a round table;
• film lectures;
• illustrating your city, sketches for calendar holidays;
• competitions for the best newspaper families, a poster for the holiday, a gift to a veteran;
• sharing family traditions;
• hiking trips with the family to places of military glory;

• trips to nature;
• circle "Pathfinders-kids";
• creation of the museum "No one is forgotten".

Games for raising patriotism in children

Issues of patriotic education of preschool children are included in the work plan on a monthly basis and are systematically targeted.

Games to educate patriotism among preschoolers are classified into:

• didactic: “Whose parents do this”, “Find out what is growing in our region”, “Tell me where you have been”;
• desktop printed“We save light, heat”, “Distribute equally to everyone”, “Become a leader”; "Exchange";
• mobile: “We are tourists”, “Who is faster?”, “Military training”, “Who will be the first to reach the flag”;
• musical: “Yanka”, “There was a birch in the field”, “Harvesting”, “Help grandmother unravel the ball”;

• sports: "Zarnitsa", "Russia, forward!", "Olympic Games";
• role-playing: "Professions", "Theater", "School", "Supermarket", "Polyclinic", "Library", "Bank".

Work on instilling a patriotic spirit in children in kindergarten should be based on close ties with the family and society. The accuracy of the child's assimilation of his role in the life and development of the Motherland depends on the worldview of adults, their position in life, vivid illustrative examples.

The kid will quickly get involved in good deeds for his family, kindergarten, friends, city. He will understand that he is that small brick in the construction of peace, order, prosperity of the Fatherland, without which it is simply impossible to do. Teach your children kindness, tolerance, a healthy rhythm of life, and they will not hesitate to please you with their achievements.

Video: Basics of civic education in a preschool educational institution