If a girl has fifteen dolls, then, most of all, she usually does not have a favorite. Today she played with one, abandoned her somewhere, tomorrow her beloved “daughter” will be another.

And the boy will not be very sad if one of the twenty cars breaks down - there are still nineteen.
Meanwhile, according to psychologists, a child needs favorite toys. They form in the baby the ability to appreciate what is, they teach to feel affection. The one that forces the child not to throw away the old bear, but to sew on a severed paw.

Teach your child to take care not only of the "childhood friend", but also of other toys - repair cars, keep the details of the designer and puzzle pieces in different boxes. If you immediately teach your child that each toy has its own place, which it should take at the end of the game, sooner or later he will learn to clean everything himself, and you will not have to step over mountains of trucks and cubes forever.

But what definitely should not be done is to promise the baby to buy a new toy to replace the broken one. Otherwise, you will never teach him to take care of his things.

Don't chase fashion

And there is a fashion for toys. Psychologists advise to approach the choice carefully. On the one hand, the child should not feel like a black sheep when all the children are passionate about some kind of toy, but he does not have one. On the other hand, you need to clearly understand whether you really need this thing.

My daughter, for example, got through the craze for both cartoon witch dolls and Barbies without loss. As a mom, these toys seem useless to me. What should a girl do with such a doll? She will definitely not become her beloved "daughter". But today's girlish fad - to equip a house for an animal family - we liked it. It is only necessary that your daughter really be passionate about home improvement, and not blindly follow her friends. “I want the same as Ksyusha’s,” these words are a kind of signal that you definitely don’t need to buy such a toy.

precious junk

The big problem is to throw away the baby’s “wealth” that has served its purpose. The child may forget about these things, but when you start sorting them before taking them out, he will desperately cling to a cracked mirror or a car without wheels.

It is possible that this little thing is especially dear to him, for example, as a gift from his beloved grandmother. And then - many children have a hard time parting with things just because they are THEIR things.

Ask the child to explain why this toy is dear to him. If the argument is weighty - leave it, if it is unconvincing - persuade them to leave ("it's no longer possible to play it", "you can get hurt"). In extreme cases, the controversial toy can be hidden. If he misses her, then he needs her.

golden rules

Do not buy toys:

• casually, for example, together with a newspaper in a kiosk or in a supermarket. They are usually inexpensive there, and therefore we easily succumb to the requests of children. But the quality of these items is low, and the need is doubtful.
• not by age. If the child does not yet know how to assemble a designer or puzzles, he will simply lose all the details.
• to prevent whims or scandals. You can not go on about the blackmailer, even if he is your heir.

Usually, when going to a big toy store, parents want to buy everything! After all, all the toys are so bright, interesting and necessary in the game. However, don't rush:

An overabundance of toys is much worse than not enough!

Of course, every parent wants their child to have no need for anything. But think, the missing toy can always be replaced. Most children enjoy playing with all sorts of bottles, jars, buttons and other items that can be found in every home than with their toy versions. So it is not necessary to strive to buy a toy for any occasion of life.

But exactly how many toys should a child have so that he develops properly and does not feel deprived?

How many toys does a child need

• There shouldn't be too many toys.

If you notice that most of the purchased or donated toys are gathering dust in boxes or on shelves, and the baby always plays with a certain set, then you have an overabundance of toys. Try to remove some of the toys, leaving only the most beloved ones in sight. This simple technique will greatly simplify both you and your child's life: fewer toys and much faster and easier! In addition, after a while, you can replace the current set with other toys if you notice that these kids are bored.

• Each type of toys should be no more than 1-2 pieces.

Undoubtedly, there are different ones, but some are suitable for a 2-year-old baby, and with some the child will play only at the age of 5-6 years. Remember: there is a time for everything! Do not buy multiple sets at the same time.

If we talk about a specific number, child psychologists agree that there should be no more than 15 active toys (which a child can play during the day, that is, those that are in his field of vision).

How to control the number of toys

1. Divide toys into sets. Walking toys, bath toys, garden toys, home toys. So the child in different places will play with different toys, and they will not have time to bother him.
2. Keep track of available toys appropriate for the child's age. The kid should be interested in playing, and at the same time, toys should not be ahead of the needs of the child. Every age has its own toy.
3. Ask friends and relatives stop giving your baby toys for no reason. If every time guests come to you they bring a new toy to the child, explain the situation with large quantity toys at home and ask them to bring fruit, felt-tip pens, pencils, books, coloring books as a gift (if they are embarrassed to come empty-handed).
4. Always be conscious when choosing a new toy. The child must really need it. Therefore, you should not buy toys in between times when you go to the store, or in order to prevent tears and scandal in a public place. So you only spoil your reputation, grow a blackmailer, and toys will not be useful.
5. Buying toys as an apology for your absence, as proof of parental love, is not best idea. Learn to express love and care in other ways: playing together, going to the cinema, sitting with books.

We hope you understand that children absolutely do not need to have too many toys. Remember that the lack of toys stimulates the child's imagination! In addition, children who do not have many toys tend to be more thrifty and appreciate what they have.

Children's toys appeared a very long time ago. So, for example, historians have counted the famous Kargopol clay toy duck - whistle 5 thousand years. But for sure, toys existed 10 thousand years ago, and even more, but they did not reach us because they were made of fragile material - clay, straw, wood. Since ancient times, the toy has helped the child to adapt to the life of adults, developed in him the qualities that will be useful to him in the future.

From birth, the baby gets acquainted with objects environment, their properties and features. At first, this knowledge occurs through direct observation, as well as with the help of toys and games. Understanding the importance of toys in the development of personal characteristics and qualities of a child, they need to be selected in such a way that they become for him the first fascinating "encyclopedia" that helps to learn the world of things, nature and man.

The selection of toys must be approached responsibly. On the one hand, they should captivate and occupy the child, and on the other hand, they should develop, enrich his personality without distorting the child’s ideas about the world it is convenient to look at them, follow their movement with your eyes when the toys sway. For a child at the age of four or five months, toys should already be hung lower, so that if he accidentally bumps into them with his hands, he can feel and grab them.

An older child, seeing a toy suspended at a small distance from his chest, pulls his hands towards it. For these purposes, pendants of various shapes, images, and colors are needed, which can have sound, light, and motor effects. The task of parents is to draw the attention of the baby to these features, to name them. The achievement of a baby of four to five months is the ability to grab a toy well and engage in it for a long time. Toys hung over a crib or playpen should be made of different materials(plastic, wood, PVC, fabric), have different colors and geometric shapes. It can be some kind of images: butterflies, fish, the sun, a house, etc. The main goal of a child's action with toys at this age is to study its various features - shape, color, sound, etc.

The first games must be held with the participation of parents. The kid willingly listens to them, answers their remarks, repeats or continues actions with game materials. When the child is already good at learning to grab and engage in a toy suspended above the crib for a long time, he needs to be taught to roll over from his back to his stomach. Of course, he does not succeed immediately, you need to help the baby in these attempts. You can offer your child a rubber cat, horse, dog, other figurines or rattles that are easy to hold in your hand. Aiming for the toy, the child will be able to perform the desired action.

Special "Game centers" hung on the walls of the crib from one side or the other, allow the child to act independently, extracting various sounds from its components - images, achieving switching on or off lighting effects. The child, performing various movements in this way, quite quickly begins to independently turn from side to side, and then sit down, crawl. For such a grown-up baby, it is good to have a high chair with a sufficiently large table, an arena in which toys are hung along the walls during the games. A little. One on each side.

From seven to eight months, when the child can already crawl, he should be allowed to do this and lower him to the floor, onto a clean, well-washed carpet or a special bedding. Planar, so-called “developing rugs”, which showed semi-volumetric toys, which, when pressed on them, make various sounds, have proven themselves well in the period: a cow lows, a frog croaks, a train buzzes. These unusual effects attract the attention of the baby for a long time, encourage him to repeat actions after adults again and again, imitate the voices of animals.

Parents need to remember that the toy must be safe for the baby - not less than 4 cm in diameter, not have small parts so that he cannot swallow it. The toy should not have sharp corners and small parts. And the material from which the toy is made must be toxically safe. Pay attention to the fact that paint and varnish do not lick on the toys.

At eleven to twelve months, the baby is already taking its first steps. You can also interest and help him in this with the help of a toy. At this age, the child is especially interested in things, when exposed to which various effects occur - noise, crackling, roaring, sounds of the animal's voice. Small child at this age - a great explorer. He likes to disassemble and assemble objects, put them one into another, stick toys through holes, open and close lids or doors. These actions are pleasant to kids, satisfy their need for knowledge and action.

Clockwork and mechanical toys are suitable for fun for the baby - a “pecking” chicken, a bear playing the balalaika, a moving bull, trains, balls and balls. In these games, a special role is given to adults. Parents, smiling, call the baby a toy, its properties, explain their actions, encourage him to an emotional response. The kid with great pleasure will consider toys in the form of an animal - eyes, nose, various bright details of the outfit: bows, a hat, etc. To

When a child learns to stand steadily on his feet, he will need toys that can be dragged along on a string or rolled in front of him. He watches with interest the actions of toy kittens, which, as the wheelchair toy moves, alternately protrude from the shoes, fluttering butterflies, bouncing cubs. It will be interesting for him to carry a horse with him, pull the ring and make sounds resembling neighing (the sounds should not be too harsh, frightening).

Through toys there is an acquaintance with the world of animals. To do this, you can buy a child figurines depicting its various representatives - wild and domestic animals. With them, he will be willing to engage in the room, in the bathroom, for a walk. When buying such toys, adults need to pay attention to their properties: size, color, shape, ability to move, make sounds, etc. - all this will enrich the child's ideas about the world around him.

Until the age of two, the child is not occupied with the emotional and semantic meaning of the toy. He is interested in what can be done with this toy. It is noted that children of this age like to repeat actions with the same object for a long time. This is because they are interested in its various properties. The kid is interested to know that the cubes can not only be put one on top of the other, but also put one on top of the other, loaded onto a car, put in a box and closed. If you notice that your child plays in this way, do not interrupt him, do not consider such activities empty and monotonous. They help the child to see the new in familiar subjects, to rise to a higher level of generalization of their knowledge. You yourself can support the child's interest in different uses familiar objects and toys, showing him what to do with them.

By the age of three, the child acquires a certain gaming experience. At the beginning of the game, he can determine what toy or item he will need, how he will use it, and what he will get as a result. The knowledge acquired by the baby in the course of familiarization with the objects surrounding him, he now transfers to his games. For example, having learned to use a spoon while eating, the baby will use it when feeding the doll. Therefore, before the next trip to the toy store, parents should think about what should be new toy to continue the game that occupies the child (dishes for a doll, a garage for a car).

Children aged from one and a half to two and a half years old love toys depicting pets, familiar characters in fairy tales, heroes of funny nursery rhymes: a dog and a cat, a cockerel and a chicken, a cow and a horse, a pig and a sheep, a duck. Children from two and a half to five years old already prefer to play with toys depicting wild animals (wolf, bear, fox, wild boar, tiger). Although this is largely due to the knowledge and ideas that come from books, from looking at illustrations. For the formation positive attitude to the toy and the animal it depicts, pay attention to the design - an elephant in an apron, a hare in pants, a cat in a hat, a cockerel in boots, that is, animals that have human features and reflect human activity. And in this case, an important role is played by the example of an adult who can show how to play with toy animals, causing a caring attitude towards animals. For the development of these games, the child needs special items (attributes) for caring for animals - a comb for combing the mane, a bowl for feeding, a small house. You can take care of a toy animal together with your child - feed him, put him to bed, walk with him, etc.

The game is the only activity in which the child can show initiative and independence. Therefore, the manifestation of the activity of the child in the game should be supported in every possible way by parents. In the apartment, it is necessary to allocate a place for the child to play, to store toys.

Parents themselves should be happy to play with the baby. The boys watch with noticeable interest the actions of their father related to technology, and then they themselves begin to play with cars. They are mesmerized and Railway with a steam locomotive, and wagons, which housed toy animals. So the game and the toy helps in the formation positive emotions establishing contacts between a child and an adult.

About the doll must be said separately. Interest in it is manifested in the game plots of a domestic nature (washing, cleaning, cooking dinner, putting to bed). These games are for both boys and girls. This is primarily because they watch their parents daily for these activities and reproduce them in the game. For the development of such games, the child should have toys in the form of household items: tea and tableware, a bath, scraps, a telephone, a handbag, a stroller, etc.

Figures of people and animals, various game items are acquired and brought into the game gradually: at first, more familiar, simple, then requiring more experience of the child, imagination. Children begin to play with the doll gradually, learning from their father or mother - partners in the game. The latter come up with new plots for these games - acquaintance with the doll, the doll is having dinner, the doll is waiting for guests, etc. In these games, such important tasks as familiarizing the child with objects, their properties, purpose, and speech development are solved. When a new or old, but forgotten toy is included in the game, parents should ask: does the child know what it is called, show how and where you can play with it: on the floor, on the table, in the bathroom. Then the toy that interested the baby is transferred to his free use.

If parents notice that the child is about to stop playing, as they have already mastered the toy well, they can offer him another game situation. For example, when offering plastic fruits, they say to the child: - “We bought apples on the way, feed your daughter!”. Children easily, as if they were just waiting for this, accept the offer, and the game continues. Toys for younger children preschool age must be suitable for bathing, feeding, motion sickness, etc. Particularly important is the "mobility" of the toy - that is, the ability to plant, put, put it. They are much more attractive to children than toys that sit in a fixed position. With "moving" toys, kids are more interesting, they can play a variety of games.

Toys that no longer attract the attention of children are removed. After a while, they can be given to the child again, and they will again delight and encourage the kids to play. During a walk, a two-year-old baby can be given a toy spatula, a scoop, a wooden mallet and show how they work. Simultaneously with the demonstration, it is necessary to explain in words what can be done with this or that object. For example, you say: “You can dig earth, snow, dig grooves with a spatula, pour sand into molds” and demonstrate how this is done. After the child has learned to act with these objects, it is necessary to give the game a target character. For example, to offer the kid to build a "garage" for the car, to clear the "construction site" of snow.

If you only watch the game from the side, it will very soon become primitive: it will turn into a random scattering of sand with a shovel, or it will simply stop. For the development in children of not fragmentary, but systemic knowledge about the world around them, toys are needed that contribute to the unification of disparate information about animals, their habitat, and habits.

For the further development of a preschooler, play sets of large-scale, complementary toys are needed: a stable with horses and foals, a poultry yard, a pigsty, a car park, etc. The baby perceives sets of such toys as a single system. Similar sets (volumetric and planar) can be used for board games when staging Russian folk tales, songs, nursery rhymes. It is necessary for the family to have, and with older children already to make, several sets for theatrical games. Small performances played with their help will make the child's leisure meaningful, help to remember and retell familiar fairy tales or stories. And this is important for the development of speech, establishing contact with others, overcoming egocentrism inherent in children.

Children from the age of 4 prefer realistic toys. They are also of educational interest to children, for example, in the fact that different objects, including toy animals, can be made from different materials. So in games with toys develops cognitive activity, moral and aesthetic attitude of the child to the world around. When choosing toys for a preschooler, it is important to remember that they must be accessible and varied, in form and purpose, as well as aesthetically attractive. For proper development the child's games should be complicated gradually, in accordance with the level of development of the game activity.

To maintain mood and health, it is important to have games and toys for sports in the house: balls, bicycles, scooters, jump ropes, etc. On a fine day, it is good for the whole family to play skittles, football, volleyball, table tennis, etc. With the help of games and toys, the baby discovers the world. His life becomes diverse, rich in events and impressions. During the game, the child learns to communicate, win and win, rejoice in his achievements and the successes of loved ones, take care and show attention.

First knowledge, communication skills, experience labor activity the kid gets it in the game. That's why he needs toys. These should not be "fancy" jeeps and three-meter lions - such things cultivate in the child only an unreasonable feeling of superiority over other children, but do not contribute to his cognitive, physical and social development. They should correspond to the age of the child and stimulate his interest in life and creativity.

Children of senior preschool age (5-7 years old) can already play on their own, for a long time .. They choose toys themselves, create a play environment, and develop the plot of the game. At this age, they have certain gaming preferences. Therefore, before going to the store, you can already think over with them what they need to play, what toys are missing. At the same time, again, attention should not be paid to separate, unrelated toys, but to the addition of those already available for the development of the plot of the game. However, you should not get carried away by replacing the game equivalents of every item in the house. It is enough to offer the child a method of playing the replacement of the missing item to develop the game plan: - stretch out - a brick from the building set and say: - “Take a frying pan, bake pancakes” or - “Here is soap, wash the doll’s hands, she got them dirty.

In every house there are many items that will help to replace the missing items during the game: the kitchen bench can become a stove, sofa cushions- a cot, etc. To develop the theme and plot of the game, you can sequentially purchase game sets of a specific theme. It is good if, in advance, parents read a book with their child or watch a video film of the relevant issue. So you can expand the child's understanding of the world.

While swimming, walking, relaxing in the country. The child needs appropriate toys. Toys for outdoor games are especially significant. Girls are fond of playing with jump ropes, rubber bands, balls. Boys love to ride bicycles and scooters, rollers. To fulfill the child's need for movement, it is good to have skittles, ring toss, serso, tennis rackets, and a target for throwing at a target. Boys will play with enthusiasm with radio-controlled waterfowl toys: - boats, ships, boats. Well, if they can be assembled by yourself from the details of the designer. How many toys does he need for this? Yes, quite a bit! The main thing is that they be different, awaken the imagination, develop abilities, encourage the child to play and like the child himself.

What toy does your baby need?

Do you know this situation: went to the store for milk, returned with milk and a new machine?

She already has no place in the children's room, but she's orange! And the child did not have an orange car yet. Or this situation: Mom, buy a car. - No, you have plenty of them. - Well, then at least this rabbit. - No, you have so many toys. - You are bad! (shouts, yelling, hysterics in the hall).

On average, every child in Sweden has more than 600 toys (according to Esquire magazine). After reading about this, I was not too lazy to count the toys of my one-year-old son - more than 100. A lot for this age. And I decided to figure out how much he really needs, and why, not knowing how to keep it, I also buy another machine as a bonus to milk.

The number of toys is inversely proportional to the level of development

How older child, the less he has toy trash, and the more time is devoted to games with peers, communication, personal and physical development(circles, sections, family picnics, trips). In the first six months of life, a baby needs bright and safe toys - “tweeters”, “bites”, “grabs”, musical pendants, toys of various shapes, made of different materials. During this period, the child learns the world with the help of touch, he develops the skill to grab and hold objects. Therefore, there can be, conditionally, five rattles, but sensible ones.

“Parents need to remember that the toy must be safe for the baby - at least 4 cm in diameter, not have small parts so that he cannot swallow it. The toy should not have sharp corners. And the material from which the toy is made must be toxically safe. Pay attention to the fact that paint and varnish do not burst on the toys.(from the magazine "Mom and Baby").

From 10-11 months to 1-1.5 years, the baby goes into the "big explorer" stage: he likes to open and close the doors, take out washing machine linen, put cookies in a bucket, in a word, perform simple manipulations with objects. At this age, you will need balls and balls, simple sets of cups, nesting dolls, walkers with developing elements (play centers, but not walkers), etc. And, of course, your personal saucepans.

From one to two years - the variety of toys grows exponentially. The child carefully observes the world of adults and tries to do everything exactly as they do. There is an interest in animals, so toys with onomatopoeia (meowing, barking, crowing) will be just right. Musical books, flashing helicopters and pyramids, singing dolls. Simple musical instruments - drum, tambourine, rattle, triangle, xylophone - will also be needed (although the level of noise in the atmosphere will increase significantly). Cars on strings, trains, any toys that can be dragged along are also needed, because a baby at this age is actively developing the walking skill.

Up to about 2.5 years old, the child is interested in what can be done with the toy: load the cubes into the back, put them on top of each other, line them up, etc. Therefore, child psychologists advise choosing toys as simply as possible, so that the child himself comes up with what they are for, how they can be used, and what to use. This is how fantasy develops.

“Play is the only kind of activity in which a child can show initiative and independence. Therefore, the manifestation of the activity of the child in the game should be supported in every possible way by parents. In the apartment, it is necessary to allocate a place for the child to play, to store toys. Parents themselves should be happy to play with the baby "(from the magazine "Mom and Baby").

From 4-5 years old, children like more realistic toys, the semantic and emotional load of which does not really differ from what they see around. Sets of dishes, auto tracks, large constructors, puppet theater, etc. And from the age of 5, the child himself can tell what kind of toy he is missing, because now he does not just shift the cubes, he creates plots, models situations, builds stories. And the task of parents is to correctly choose together with the child what he really needs. After all, not all the missing elements for games need to run to the store, in the house there will always be substitutes from household items that can be used specifically in its “staging”.

“Why does he need the twentieth car, buy a better scooter!” I heard such an exclamation in one hypermarket, smiled to myself, and went for the ball. Indeed, a child does not need 20 cars or 20 dolls. Let them be 3 each, but at the same time he will have a bicycle, a jump rope, a scooter, a gymnastic center, a play tent, a dry pool - toys and things that help in harmonious physical and emotional development.

Boys - cars, girls - dolls

All everything! And boys may also need dolls to study the human face, and girls also need cars for games.

Both of them need a variety of toys that contribute to the development of imagination, creativity and good mood.

So how many toys does a child need? In general, not so much. He certainly does not need three-meter lions and complex robots that evoke a sense of superiority, he does not need a million monotonous cars and dolls, but just a little bit of each type.

And when my child takes an old toothbrush and an aluminum pan to tap on an overturned pan with a brush, I think that the drum lying in the corner can be given to someone - he invented his own drum. And you need to turn off your own toy euphoria, because there is no point in depriving a child of the opportunity to invent toys himself.

Milena Aleinikova

Dear readers! What toys does your child have? In your opinion, what toys are the most useful for the development of a child? We are waiting for your answers in the comments!

Good Saturday fellow accomplices!

Today I invite you to talk about the toys that we choose for our children. The post was written following the results of a seminar held by the Center for Games and Toys of the Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University. In my opinion, some pretty valuable ideas were given there about what toys should be and what psychologists do not recommend buying. At the same time, in my opinion, there were some rather controversial points. I'm interested in what you think about this topic - both those who have children and those who do not. And, of course, those who were once a child themselves and can also say a lot on this topic :)

First of all, why do children need toys? Contrary to popular belief - not for entertainment and not for learning, but for play - an activity that contributes to the development of the child. And it is on this basis that the center considers useful and useless (or even harmful) toys.

Currently, the toy market is not just booming - stores (and children's rooms with them) are literally littered with various dolls, cars, designers, and so on. At the same time, an abundance of toys for a child is not just not necessary - it harms him, because it does not give him time to get used to this or that toy, or even to remember it at all. But an emotional connection with a toy is very important for a child: a toy is not just an object, it is the story that the child puts into it.

In order for the child to develop, he needs space to interact with the toy: on the one hand, he reacts in the game to the world, on the other hand, it manifests itself. And in order to be able to interact with a toy, it must be able to be applicable in a variety of situations. Here are examples of bad and good toys: wooden typewriter- good (by the way, natural material is also important), a car with Luntik "built to death" into it, which can only be broken out - so-so, because no one else can be put in this car, this is a "closed" toy.

In general, the manufacturability of toys was called one of the serious shortcomings of the current production. Responding to marketing interests, she becomes walking, talking, buzzing, singing, and so on. This delights parents - we were shown a bear that tumbles and falls funny on its back - everyone laughed, it really looks very cute and touching. However, at the same time, the child’s interest will last for about ten minutes, and then, when he sees that, by and large, nothing more can be done with the toy, it will be abandoned. It’s good if these functions can be turned off, but there are many toys that, apart from walking, can’t do anything else - they can’t be changed, seated, combed, and so on, it’s impossible to do something with them.

Another drawback of today's toys, experts call "monsterization": it great amount so-called scary toys, many of which are made based on comics or cartoons. At the same time, the traditional Baba Yaga, for example, is quite suitable for games. In glamorous vampires, psychologists saw a danger to children younger age(preschoolers, younger schoolchildren) blurring the concept of good and evil, because they do not consider these characters to be evil. To be honest, this seems to me a rather controversial idea. So far, there are no longitudinal studies by the scientists themselves (this is a very recent phenomenon), so they definitely do not prohibit these toys, however, they do not undertake to recommend them for use. Time, as they say, will tell.

"Educational" toys were called a huge misconception - for example, a caterpillar that calls English words when you press the buttons-legs. A toy will not teach a child, only a person can do it. At the same time, a toy that combines different functions distracts the child from its main task - in fact, playing and developing in the game. These educational toys do not work - child development psychologists emphasize this and draw the attention of parents to this. Such toys are a marketing ploy, "two in one" and are aimed exclusively at parents.

Separately, it was said about such a phenomenon as gadgets in modern child- what it threatens for its development and what can be done about it. However, since the topic is very large, it requires a separate post - just note that there is such a problem, and psychologists will deal with it.

Now about what is suitable for the child.

First of all, these are various containers - for example, boxes. You can make almost anything out of them: an apartment, a closet, a car, and so on. Toys are also good, which are not toys at all - these are objects from the world of adults, the function of which is unknown to children. For example, a curtain holder with a tassel - children usually do not know what it is - and find a huge number of uses for such things. All sorts of bars are good, which can be adapted as you like - from a "telephone" to, say, a bench for dolls. The toys themselves must be durable, it is better if they do not carry a specific role (for example, they are not very suitable for creating role-playing game Pinocchio and Malvina dolls - despite a certain plot that can be played with them, their range is rather limited). At the same time, as a teacher-practitioner (not a psychologist of the center) who came to the meeting noted, these characters can be used to play out educational situations when the child is faced with ever-increasing responsibilities and workloads.

An experiment was conducted in one of the Western schools. A lot of items were brought to the school yard that could be called "production waste" - this is the "clean garbage" that remains in production - some kind of cardboard tubes, plastic hoses, fabric cuts, tires and many other large things. Schoolchildren were offered to do something with them during breaks - and as a result, a film was made about what a huge number of games they managed to come up with these "impersonal" things - precisely due to the possibilities of manipulating them. In addition, all these items required some kind of interaction with each other, and this is also very important during the game.

It turns out that the more simple the toy is, the more variations of games you can think of with it. And a relatively small number of toys (there should not be too few of them) will allow the child to easily interact with them.