The body type of a person is determined by genes and is formed in the womb. Neither exercise nor diet can change it. Each type of figure has its own metabolic rate and places of the greatest accumulation of body fat. Knowing individual characteristics physique of women, a nutritionist will help each of them to make a suitable diet, and a trainer - an individual training program.

STAR SLIMMING STORIES!

Irina Pegova shocked everyone with a weight loss recipe:"I threw off 27 kg and continue to lose weight, I just brew for the night ..." Read more >>

Show all

Body types in women

Classification of the three main body types in women:

1. 1. Normosthenic (mesomorph).
2. 2. Asthenic (ectomorph).
3. 3. Hypersthenic (endomorph).

Although genes are responsible for the conformity of the body to a particular type, in early childhood long-term influence of certain factors can change the natural data of the body.

Affect the physiology with constant exposure are able to:



asthenic

• general thinness;
• long and thin neck;
• narrow shoulders;
• flat and narrow chest;
• elongated and refined limbs;
• elongated face and thin nose;
• growth above average;
• underdeveloped muscular and fragile bone system.

Asthenics cannot boast of strength and endurance, but compensate for this with their energy, lightness and grace. Such women are lightweight and minimally inclined to be overweight (it is difficult to gain weight), which is an indisputable advantage of such a body constitution. Structural features endow the body of asthenics with low blood pressure and hemoglobin levels. There are sometimes problems with the spine. Their body is very thermophilic, it is difficult to perceive the low temperature of the environment.

To determine body type you need to measure the circumference of the hand at the wrist. For the asthenic type, this figure is no more than 16 cm.

The most characteristic diseases:

• frequent cold;
• disturbances in the work of the stomach;
• vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Rules for training and nutrition: during exercise it is necessary to develop the missing strength and endurance, swimming, aerobics, dancing are suitable; the diet should contain 50-60% carbohydrates and 20-30% proteins and fats.



Normosthenic

Women with this type are different:

• beautiful harmonious figure: slender legs, thin waist;
• average growth;

The circumference of the hands in the wrist area of ​​the owners of the normosthenic figure is from 16 to 18.5 cm.

This type of constitution does not have the most characteristic diseases, since such an organism is characterized by balance and harmonious development. Only age can negatively affect the health and fat balance of a normosthenic. Therefore, over time, it is worth paying more and more attention to proper diet and physical activity. This will help protect against weight gain and health problems, and help maintain normal muscle mass.

Rules of training and nutrition: normosthenics are characterized by good coordination, speed and sharpness. They are suitable for playing sports, for example, volleyball, basketball, tennis, as well as water aerobics; the diet should contain 40-50% carbohydrates, 30-40% proteins, 10-20% fats.



Hypersthenic

Women with this type are different:

• wide and heavy bones;
• broad shoulders;
• large and short chest;
• slightly shortened limbs;
• growth below average;
• slow metabolism;
• increased tendency to be overweight.

The circumference of the hands in the wrist area of ​​the owners of the normosthenic figure exceeds 18.5 cm.

The most common diseases:

• ailments associated with excess weight;
• diabetes;
• diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

Rules for training and nutrition: hypersthenic women have enough strength and endurance, but lack flexibility and grace. For them, martial arts, boxing with a pear, yoga, callanetics are suitable. The diet should contain 30-40% carbohydrates, 40-50% proteins, 10% fats.

The habit of eating right for hypersthenics must be instilled in childhood. It is better to limit the consumption of fatty foods, and give preference to protein foods and complex carbohydrates.

The ratio of height and leg length

These parameters can help in determining belonging to one of the body types.

Approximate growth rates for different body constitutions of girls:

• normosthenics - from 166 to 170 cm;
• asthenics - from 168 to 172 cm;
• hypersthenics - from 166 to 170 cm.

Physiologists have established some proportions female body, which have a standard character and are perceived harmoniously. Legs less than half the height are considered short. The length of the lower limbs is measured from the ground to the lateral protrusion of the hip bone.

Leg length standards for different types physiques:

• normosthenic - half the height plus 4-6 cm;
• asthenic - half the height plus 2-4 cm;
• hypersthenic - half the height plus 6-9 cm.

If leg length does not reach the standards of the ideal, you can adjust the proportions of the body visually. For this, heels of the height that is not enough to harmoniously match the proportions are suitable.

Whiteles and the Pinier Index

Translated from English, "whites" means "vital organs." With its help, the harmony of proportions between the main indicators of the figure of women is assessed: height, weight, chest, waist and hips.

Whites rate for middle-aged women:

You can more objectively assess the harmony of the proportions of your body using the indicators of the Pignet index.




Description of the indicators of the Pignet index for different body types:

The presence of excess weight is not always the result of excess fat deposits in the body, since adipose tissue is a vital necessity for a healthy human life and body structure. Normally, in women, adipose tissue should occupy 1/16 of the total body weight. In this case, subcutaneous fat is 75% of the total. This healthy body fat is designed to protect the body from cold temperatures and the muscles from injury. Internal organs are protected by fat from excessive mobility, injury and concussion.

And some secrets...

The story of one of our readers, Inga Eremina:

My weight was especially depressing for me, at 41 I weighed like 3 sumo wrestlers combined, namely 92kg. How to lose weight completely? How to cope with hormonal changes and obesity? But nothing disfigures or rejuvenates a person as much as his figure.

But what can you do to lose weight? Laser liposuction surgery? Learned - not less than 5 thousand dollars. Hardware procedures - LPG massage, cavitation, RF lifting, myostimulation? A little more affordable - the course costs from 80 thousand rubles with a consultant nutritionist. You can of course try to run on a treadmill, to the point of insanity.

And when to find the time for all this? Yes, it's still very expensive. Especially now. So for myself I chose a different way ...

The human body has its own unique characteristics - weight, shape, proportions. It is customary to distinguish the main body types. Although each person has it at the genetic level, it can be corrected in childhood. The structure of the body and its features should be considered during the selection of diets and training.

Body types

Types of figures are divided into several systems. One of the famous German doctors managed to find a relationship psychological characteristics and characteristics of the somatotype. Kretschmer names three body types:

• asthenic;
• normosthenic;
• hypersthenic.

Owners of one or another configuration are not always satisfied with their own figure. If desired and following simple recommendations, it is possible to change own appearance, making the male and female physique slimmer and more perfect. In some cases, you need to change your eating habits, and sometimes you need to switch to a healthy lifestyle. The sooner you start working on yourself, the sooner you will be pleased with the results.

Asthenic physique

Representatives of this type of figure are distinguished by:

• thinness;
• long thin neck;
• flat chest;
• narrow shoulders;
• elongated thin limbs;
• long face;
• thin nose;
• above average growth.

Those with a slender physique have poorly developed muscles, therefore they are not very hardy and strong. The advantage of such people can be called their vigor, lightness, grace. Women with such a figure are often in the center of attention of the opposite sex, because they look fragile and feminine. In addition, asthenics never suffer from overweight, because they are not prone to fullness. The metabolism of such people is very fast, which prevents the deposition of fatty tissues.

Normosthenic physique

Normostenics are characterized by:

• proportional figure;
• slender legs;
• thin waist.

Often, the fair sex with this body constitution is of medium height. Such ladies have good coordination, are distinguished by speed and sharpness. Men with an athletic build have well-developed muscles, a strong and well-formed skeleton, a convex chest, and proportional legs. In sports, it is better for normosthenics to give preference to basketball, volleyball, tennis and water aerobics. Owners of this configuration enjoy the attention of representatives of the opposite sex.

Hypersthenic physique

Representatives of this constitution have:

• wide heavy bones;
• large shoulders;
• wide chest;
• slightly shortened limbs.

The growth of such people is below average. Nature endowed them with strength and endurance, but saved them from flexibility and grace. For this reason, the owners of such a figure should choose sports disciplines that will help them remove their shortcomings. Among such sports are yoga, martial arts, callanetics. People with a dense physique have a very slow metabolism, so they often have problems with. They will be able to cope with their imperfections by giving preference healthy lifestyle life.

Body types according to Sheldon

The famous American psychologist and numismatist Herbert Sheldon suggests that a person's physique can determine his temperament. However, this dependence is hidden, and it is possible to reveal the relationship between the physical and mental by highlighting certain properties. Using the photographic technique he developed and anthropometric calculations, the psychologist was able to describe the main body types of a person:

• endomorphy;
• mesomorphy;
• ectomorphy.

mesomorph body type

The mesomorph is distinguished by the following characteristics:

• natural muscles;
• no fat;
• massive body;
• thick bones;
• voluminous muscles.

Such people have the best chance of becoming successful in bodybuilding. A person with a normal physique has excellent potential for growth and gaining muscle strength. Representatives of this species are usually classified into ectomorphs and endomorphs. For this reason, not every one of them can build up equally sculpted beautiful muscles.

Endomorph body type

Endomorphs are distinguished from all others by:

• rounded, soft body;
• high percentage of adipose tissue;
• small shoulders;
• short limbs;
• pear-shaped body type.

People with a strong physique have a slow metabolism. They tend to be overweight and therefore gain weight very easily, and in order to lose kilograms they have to work hard on themselves. Among the owners of this constitution are many pop stars and actresses. However, even rounded shapes do not spoil them, but emphasize the merits of an attractive and extraordinary appearance. Physical activity and will help them become slimmer and more perfect.

Ectomorph body type

Ectomorphs have the following differences:

• thinness;
• long, thin bones;
• skinny muscles;
• little fat.

People with these body types are rarely seen in the gym, because they are the least predisposed to bodybuilding. If you ever manage to notice a person with a thin physique in the gym, then this will be a rare exception. Among them, most of all are such people who have certain physical features that allow them to pump their body, making it stronger and more attractive.

How to determine body type

It is not so difficult to find out which of the above body types the body constitution belongs to. The definition of physique is calculated by the size of the girth of the wrist. For a man of average height, the following scale is taken into account: when the indicator is in the range of 15-17.5 cm, this will be a sign of a fragile bone foundation, 17.5-20 cm - medium, and above 20 cm - powerful. The circumference of the wrist is proportional to the circumference of the ankle, which is five or six centimeters larger.

However, there are people whose lower half of the body is more massive than the upper. In this case, the wrist in girth will be 16.5 cm, and the ankle - 25 cm. And it also happens that the ankles do not differ from the wrists. Whatever the results of the calculations, there is no need to be upset, because they still do not say that a person will not be able to achieve certain heights in sports. The only thing is that you have to work a little more on yourself. You need to believe in yourself and that you can change, no matter what level you have to start from.

Hearing the expression asthenic physique"not everyone understands what in question. What are the characteristics of a person who is described in this way? Asthenik, translated from Greek means - weak. People of this type are underdeveloped, sickly, have poor health. They find it difficult to tolerate cold weather. Even in summer, asthenics have cool feet and hands.

Let us consider in more detail the distinctive features of the asthenic physique and the characteristics of this type.

External signs of asthenic type

One of the main signs of an asthenic body type in people is a lean physique. The deposition of subcutaneous fat in them is insignificant. Due to the accelerated metabolism, they do not recover.

Even enhanced nutrition with the inclusion of sweets and flour products does not always contribute to weight gain.

The torso and face of asthenics are elongated, the shoulders are narrow. The limbs are too long, which makes the body seem disproportionate. Disharmony is enhanced by being too short or too tall. Asthenics are characterized by low muscle mass and underdeveloped muscles. The skin of such people has a pale, painful appearance with increased dryness.

Features of people of this type

In pride, asthenics do not hold. Despite this, they live modestly, not trying to stand out from the crowd. Some in their youth have periods of rebelliousness and desire to be seen. But soon it passes, and the asthenic warehouse of character takes its toll. Getting into awkward, often far-fetched situations, they blush and get lost.

With age, the asthenic character becomes a little softer, a person learns to put up with his character. Despite this, they are haunted by a feeling of dissatisfaction with themselves and inferiority. Because of this, individuals of this type are very vulnerable and touchy.

For a long time they remember the unflattering statements of other people in relation to themselves and are very worried. At the same time, they do not try to find out the reason for the negative attitude and analyze the event.

Very long and painful experience conflict situations, mentally scrolling through all their actions. Because of what they become distracted, anxious and have trouble falling asleep at night. Asthenics do not tolerate any changes. Whether it is a change of scenery, work or daily routine, everything unsettles him. Being in an unfamiliar society, they get lost and behave stupidly.

With age negative manifestations escalate again. In old age, asthenics annoy relatives so that they are always nearby. Dissatisfaction and intolerance towards old age is increasing.

As for gastronomic preferences, asthenics love sweets and can consume them without restrictions. But even this does not always help to gain weight. In addition, they love sour and salty foods. Often used alcoholic drinks which can lead to alcoholism.

Distinctive features of asthenic physique in different sexes

In men with an asthenic physique, insufficient body weight. Compared to the average representative of the stronger sex, its size and weight are reduced. Among them, one can rarely meet undersized individuals. They are usually tall.

Asthenics have thin humerus bones, a flat or sunken chest with clearly defined ribs. There is practically no fat on the abdomen.

In some cases deposits are observed female type or sagging belly, the waist stands out. In some, with age, the hips are rounded, the pelvic bones expand.

Men of this type age quickly. The skin early becomes flabby and faded, covered with a dense network of wrinkles. Due to metabolic disorders, muscles atrophy early.

Women with an asthenic physique have external features similar to men. However, among them there are more undersized individuals. Outwardly, such women look thin, fragile and weak. Often there is underdevelopment separate parts, and the whole body.

Characteristics of people with asthenic physique

Positive character traits:

• accuracy and conscientiousness;
• lack of violent emotional manifestations;
• scrupulousness in the implementation of any processes;
• decency in relation to others;
• indifference to relatives and friends;
• conscientiousness in the performance of their duties.

Negative moments in the character:

• shyness and shyness;
• sullenness;
• lack of communication skills;
• irritability often on a far-fetched occasion;
• unwillingness to take responsibility;
• uncertainty and unwillingness to defend their opinion.

In each person, some traits appear more, others less. However, the asthenic type can be combined with other options.

How to raise an asthenic child?

In order for a healthy personality to form from an asthenic child, it should be perceived adequately. Do not "break" his nature, trying to make him an "ideal" person. Any load, whether physical or psychological, must be strictly dosed. Make a daily routine for your baby, taking into account good nutrition and sleep.

Surround your child with care and love. He must feel the support of his parents and know that they will always support and help him, regardless of whether the child is right or not. That close people will be reliable protection from the external unfriendly world.

Only such an attitude will help to form a psychologically healthy person. All this must be skillfully combined with physical and emotional hardening. Teach your child the art of relaxation as early as possible. Teach him to positively perceive the world around him.

Asthenicity is thinness, which can visually resemble a weak person. However, the reality is often different. The asthenic physique of a person - narrow shoulders, a narrow chest, the presence of a waist.

The face is oblong, elongated, oval, sometimes resembling a triangular shape.
The arms and legs seem to be elongated (may appear so due to thinness and narrow body size). Look at the photo above. The skin color and type also differ. Usually it is pale, light, in women it is especially sensitive. These characteristics are general.

Among women

• Some are envious of them, and some are angry. This is about asthenic women. They are with a beautiful slender figure, thin and transparent. They eat and do not gain weight, which causes the envy of those who are less fortunate;
• It is easier for such women to maintain a good physical shape, since the accumulation of lipids in them occurs slowly. But, despite the thinness and harmony, the endurance and strength indicators of women are very low. The exception is asthenic athletes;
• It is very difficult to develop muscles for an asthenic girl and create a pumped-up sports silhouette. This is because their growth is slowed down not only in adipose tissue, but also in muscle tissue;
• Asthenics are characterized by angularity, which does not particularly attract men. Model girls on fashion shows- an example;
• The “legs from the ears” of asthenic girls are, without any doubt, a plus. But the size of the bust, limited in strength, all the same, poorly developed lipid tissue, is a minus;
• Narrow fragile shoulders, graceful feet and hands and a thin waist;
• Lucky for these ladies and that they do not need to fight with excess weight;
• A feature that is important to consider when trying to lose weight. In women, muscles are the first to “leave”. This means that they need to lose weight not by reducing the number of calories they consume, but only by strength exercises and a specially selected diet. Simply removing buns from your daily diet and losing weight will not work in this case.

Every body type has its own flair. There is no clear division between what is “good” and what is “bad”. Accept your body the way nature has given you, with love and care. And knowing the features of your figure will help you figure out what is acceptable for you and what is better to avoid in relation to your physical condition and bodies.

Body type (ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph) is determined by the proportions of the body, the features of weight gain and the body's response to physical activity. A person who understands the characteristics of each type will be able to build a training program and diet in accordance with his goal. Pure asthenics (ectomorphs) are common among men: they hardly gain muscle mass, eat a lot and do not get better. They have the following options:

• long arms and legs;
• elongated body;
• Long neck;
• narrow shoulder girdle;
• high growth, less often - medium.

Most people note the signs of several species at once, but one always dominates. If the conclusion is not obvious, then measure the girth of the wrist. The asthenic type is characterized by thin bones. Therefore, a wrist circumference of 18 cm or less will testify in his favor.

Ectomorph nutrition

Nutrition is the main aspect of a healthy and strong body. Men of this type face difficulties when they want to strengthen the muscles, increase their volume and make the figure more attractive. But, having a fast metabolism, they fail to gain the necessary mass. Therefore, the result cannot be achieved without controlling the calorie content of food and the balance of BJU.

When choosing products, preference should be given to hearty and natural positions. It is better to refuse or minimize the consumption of simple carbohydrates (sweets, pastries) and exclude fast food. Preferably complex carbohydrates: cereals, whole grain pasta, whole grain bread. These products should be at least half of the daily diet. Do not forget about fiber: fresh vegetables and fruits.

When gaining mass, an asthenic man should increase the amount of protein products to 30% of the daily food intake (meat, fish, cheese, eggs, cottage cheese, soy, legumes). Healthy fats need about 15% ( vegetable oils, avocado, seeds, nuts).

• the daily calorie intake should be divided into 5-6 meals and evenly distributed throughout the day;
• 1.5 hours before training, eat a hearty meal with complex carbohydrates in the composition;
• after training, eat protein foods;
• have a hearty breakfast and no later than an hour after waking up;
• for the first time of weight gain, the asthenic type requires an increase in the base calorie content by 150-200 calories.

Ectomorph workouts

Initially, people with an asthenic physique are weak and unendurable in sports. This is due to the fact that they naturally have less muscle tissue than other types. These tissues are not prone to easy growth, so overtraining in ectomorphs occurs quickly.

This aspect is important to consider when drawing up a training program: the sports load must be adequate physical form asthenic. Alternating periods of rest and training becomes a logical way out of the situation.

Regular load increase required condition muscle building, but it should happen gradually, without jumps. It is important to pay attention to the exercise technique, as it “suffers” first of all with general muscle weakness. Monotonous performance of strength exercises can best help achieve results.

Strength training dominates the training program when shaping the ectomorph figure. But don't forget about cardio either. It is important not to increase their volume to a state in which the asthenic begins to lose the gained mass. Therefore, the intensity of cardio training is allowed low and medium under the control of heart rate, in time no longer than 30 minutes.

The asthenic type is not a barrier to building the desired form. Subject to all the recommendations, men manage to correct natural data. They gain muscle mass and gain relief.

It is worth remembering another feature of ectomorphs - it is very easy to lose the result. Therefore, training should be regular, and nutrition is satisfying and without failures. In addition, asthenics need at least 8 hours of sleep at night - this is one of the main conditions for the effectiveness of training.

In children

Children with this type of physique are thin, very light, their skin is more damaged than other children. Due to the fact that the level of muscle mass is too low, children are weak. The pressure is usually low, the limbs (hands and feet, especially fingers) get cold quickly.

Signs of people with this body composition:

• All people with this type of physique have a quiet voice, but attention is well developed.
• The joints are quite flexible, but the spine is weak, so they often stoop, hunchback may appear prematurely
• Asthenics are afraid of blood, they can easily faint, they often feel sick, psychological disorders occur, they are practically not resistant to stress and irritation
• Asthenics are often afraid of decisions, they quickly fall into a stupor, they are afraid of stress, they are vulnerable.

You can correct the situation with the physique with the help of increased physical activity, as well as the use of sweet and protein, carbohydrate foods, vitamin complexes and dietary supplements. I hope now you know what an asthenic physique is and what are its characteristics.

Who is a hypersthenic? This is a body type that has special character traits. This type, as well as the pattern itself, was studied by the German psychologist Kretschmer. In his opinion, there are three main body types and their inherent character traits.

• Asthenics. Outwardly, these people are thin, with narrow shoulders and chest, their arms, legs and face are elongated and even slightly disproportionate to the body. They are extremely unemotional, attentive to others and always control and weigh all their words and movements. Internally, asthenics are very strong, although outwardly they do not make such an impression, since they do not strive forward, but prefer to remain in the shadows.
• Normostenics. Physically, these people are very well built, have a muscular body and prefer to devote a lot of time to physical training. Normosthenics love attention and prefer to always be in a leading position. Often this prevents them from meeting people.
• Hypersthenics. These people often suffer from excess weight, their body shape is slightly rounded. They prefer to bypass gyms and prefer to go on diets. Hypersthenics are open and sociable, they always easily find a solution from the current situation, because they can quickly assess the situation and think calmly.

More about hypersthenics

The structural features of the hypersthenic body are as follows: rounded shapes, the body is disproportionately larger than the limbs, the fingers and neck are short. They have a poorly developed metabolism, because of this, hypersthenics easily gain weight and it is difficult to lose it.

Sport, as already mentioned, was not created for them. They would rather limit their eating habits than go on a treadmill. But it is physical activity that hypersthenics need most of all, since they need to build muscle mass to speed up that same metabolism. And there is a cycle.

This lifestyle leads to the fact that hypersthenics become fatter and fatter with age, even despite proper nutrition and physical activity. Hypersthenics are prone to baldness, but at the same time their beard and mustache (men - hypersthenics) grow very well.

With their physical structure, it cannot be said that they are gluttons. Their appetite is moderate, food is digested rather slowly. At the same time, they are not indifferent to spicy, bitter and astringent.

Very often, hypersthenics live to an advanced age, while never in their lives feeling the need for money. They go to them, as they say. They have a wide soul and they love to talk. Not temperamental, and one might even say, vulnerable. They become attached to people, often jealous, but patient.

Hypesthenics are very friendly and always solve problems not only of their own, but also of strangers. These are kind and sympathetic people who are at the same time very vulnerable and strong in spirit. Hypersthenics quickly forgive insults and do not have the habit of revenge. Maybe that's why they say that all fat people are kind ...

www.woman.ru

Asthenic body type (ectomorph)

Main characteristics:

• "Fragile" structure
• Classic "thin" people who are hard to gain weight (both fat and muscle mass)
• Flat chest
• narrow shoulders
• Small muscle mass
• Increased basal metabolic rate

Ectomorph- a typical "thin man", whether it be a man or a woman. The body of an ectomorph has a light structure with small joints and small muscle mass, long limbs, elongated muscles and narrow shoulders. Most often, the weight of ectomorphs is normal or below normal.

Ectomorph women are characterized by general thinness, a long and thin neck, narrow shoulders, a flat and narrow chest, elongated thin limbs, an elongated face and a thin nose. Growth is often above average.

Muscles in such women are poorly developed. Therefore, they lack strength and endurance. But the representatives of this group are energetic, light and elegant, have a small weight. Of the obvious advantages of an asthenic physique, it is worth mentioning the minimum tendency to be overweight.

When choosing sports disciplines, it is better to give preference to those that are aimed at developing the missing skills: strength and endurance. These include swimming, aerobics, dancing.

To correctly classify your physique as a thin-boned type, measure the circumference of your wrist. In the group under consideration, it should be less than 15 cm.

The nature of the ectomorph

Asthenics are focused on the knowledge of the world of the external and internal, on constant reflections on life, science, art. They love variety. logical tasks, prone to abstraction and mathematical reasoning, not averse to dreaming up, but in everyday life they are more often guided by reason than by feelings.

For an asthenic, work is more suitable that requires lengthy reflection, classification, and systematization of disparate facts. Asthenics, unlike hypersthenics, more easily move from simple to more complex types of work, reaching the peak of their efficiency by the middle or end of the working day.

It is more difficult for an asthenic to establish contact with other people and it is more comfortable for him to work with documents and equipment in scientific and design departments.

Normosthenic body type (mesomorph)

Main characteristics:

• Athletic
• Strong physique
• Well-defined muscular relief
• Rectangular figure
• Easily gains muscle mass
• Gaining weight more easily than an ectomorph

Mesomorphs have large bones, large muscle mass and a strong physique, they are usually quite athletic. This is the ideal physique for bodybuilding and many other sports disciplines. It is relatively easy for people with this body type to gain and lose mass.

In women of this constitution, the main body sizes are proportional.

Such ladies often have slender legs, a thin waist and, in general, a beautiful harmonious figure. Growth is usually average.

Such people are naturally well-coordinated, sharp and fast. Of the sports disciplines best suited

t game types (volleyball, basketball, etc.).

The circumference of the wrist should be between 15 and 17 cm.

The nature of the mesomorph

The mesomorph hates unfinished business, red tape and reasoning. He likes clearly defined tasks that require decisive and immediate action. He easily performs in large audiences, among unfamiliar people and is often a good organizer.

Normostenics are suitable for professions related to production activities, the creation of material values ​​and the management of people. This expresses his need for transformation. surrounding reality including people management.

Normostenics strive to always dominate in communication and relationships. Normosthenics need to learn to respect the rights of other people so that their self-confident behavior does not suppress representatives of other types. And so they can achieve even greater success.

Hypersthenic body type (endomorph)

Main characteristics:

• Soft body with rounded shapes
• Easily gains fat and muscle mass
• low stature
• Hard to lose weight
• Poorly defined muscles

Endomorphs are more likely than other types to be overweight, even while consuming fewer calories.

Women of this constitution have heavy and wide bones, voluminous shoulders, a wide and short chest, and slightly shortened limbs (as a rule). Growth is often below average.

By nature, such ladies have strength and endurance, but are deprived of flexibility and grace. Therefore, the recommended sports disciplines are as follows: yoga, callanetics, martial arts, etc.

In addition, the disadvantages of the hypersthenic body type include a low metabolic rate, which

implies an increased tendency to be overweight.

The circumference of the wrist with a broad-boned physique is more than 17 cm.

The nature of the endomorph

Hypersthenics are distinguished by sociability, emotionality, impressionability; feelings, not reason, are leading in their behavior. People of this type love companies, know how to play a trick on themselves and others, easily get to know each other and adapt in a new environment.

Hypersthenics easily switch from one thing to another, but they are more likely to develop fatigue and lose interest in work. It is easier for them to switch to other things than to continue what they started. Therefore, for effective activity, it is advisable for a hypersthenic to start the day by solving more complex tasks, and at the end of the day to do the work easier.

Hypersthenics have good short term memory Therefore, they effectively solve current, operational tasks.

gloryonika.ru

Determine body type
What each type looks like in the photo + video

Many diet sites give the following type names: asthenic (or hyposthenic), normosthenic, hypersthenic. And on sites dedicated to fitness and bodybuilding, these are: ectomorph, endomorph, mesomorph.

If we compare them, we get:
Mesomorph = normosthenic
Endomorph = hypersthenic
Ectomorph = asthenic

Brief description of the main body types<

Hyposthenic body type (thin-boned)

In people with an asthenic (thin-boned) body type, the longitudinal dimensions predominate over the transverse ones: the limbs are long, the bone is thin, the neck is long and thin, the muscles are poorly developed, the amount of adipose tissue is usually below average - including in women. Features of the internal structure - due to the elongated chest - the heart is usually small, the shape of the heart is elongated, tear-shaped, the lungs are also elongated, the absorption capacity of the gastrointestinal tract is reduced.
People of this type face the greatest difficulty in gaining muscle mass and volume.

Normosthenic body type (normal)

People with this type are characterized by a good development of muscle mass, and as a result, a strong and developed bone skeleton. The amount of adipose tissue is approximately the average. Features of the internal structure - the chest is convex, the shoulders are wide, the length of the limbs is proportional. All characteristics correspond to the average.
People with this type are gifted by nature , which has the best potential for bodybuilding and body fitness.

Hypersthenic body type (large-boned)

People with this type are characterized by a high diaphragm, a relatively large heart, usually below average growth relative to weight, a rounded chest - flattened from top to bottom, usually a short neck. The amount of adipose tissue is usually above average.
Such people are characterized by a slow metabolism, a large, large-boned structure. Prone to the accumulation of fat, which is quite difficult to drive. Easily achieves weight gain.

Determine body type

The simplest and most accurate you can determine the type of physique by measuring the circumference of the wrist of the working hand: in normosthenics it is 16-18.5 cm, in asthenics it is less than 16 cm, and in hypersthenics it is more than 18.5 cm. For simplicity and clarity, the data are presented in the table below

fitmania.by

Characters of people depending on body type

Kretschmer (a psychologist from Germany) studied the patterns and relationships between the figure of a person and his character traits. As a result of this, he came to the conclusion that there are three main body types:

• Hypostenic (asthenic) - ectomorph.
• Normosthenic - mesomorph.
• Hypersthenic - endomorph.

It should be noted right away that the physique is determined mainly by the genetic predisposition to a particular type of figure. It comes to us from birth. Naturally, during the course of life, the outlines of the body can change, a person gets better or loses weight.

But cardinal changes in the type of body composition are impossible, just as the type of human temperament does not change. Of course, the division of all people into types is rather arbitrary, but thanks to this you will be able to better understand yourself and other people, realize what your strengths and weaknesses are, and begin to successfully use your personal abilities.

So, the hyposthenic is outwardly thin. He has a narrow chest and narrow shoulders, elongated legs, arms, face. Parts of the body are somewhat disproportionate to each other.

Such a person is characterized by low emotionality, he often thinks for a long time and weighs all his movements, words, deeds. He has a strong inner core and a strong character, but at the same time he often remains in the shadows, does not like to do anything for show.

Normostenika is easy to recognize by a good, harmonious physique. His muscular body is beautiful and attractive. He loves attention to himself and is often in the lead. The desire to be in charge often prevents him from building relationships with other people. Also, a person with a normosthenic character is distinguished by energy and determination.

Hypersthenic often suffers from excess weight, he does not like to go to the gym and pays much more attention to diets than to physical activity. At the same time, such people are often sociable, able to quickly respond to a situation that has arisen and find a solution to get out of it. We will talk about this type of character in more detail later.

Thick people are sincere and charming personalities.

As mentioned above, hypersthenics tend to be overweight, their figure is round and loose, the neck and fingers are short, the trunk and limbs are disproportionate. It would seem that the hypersthenic body type is not the most attractive, but psychologically, such people are the luckiest. Often, such individuals are successful and happy, they are lucky in life. Therefore, this type of physique in women does not cause them any special problems.

Why is that? The thing is that they are endowed with natural charm, openness to the world and people, sincerity. Thanks to this, it is easy for such people to converge with others, they get sincere pleasure from communication and from life in general.

Such people rarely need money. Their broad soul attracts not only people, but also finances. And the ability to maintain composure even in extremely stressful situations allows them to live to advanced years.

With their absolute lack of temperament, they often become very attached to people. And this means that they are quite easy to upset by the lack of attention on your part. This attitude is caused by their increased vulnerability and sincerity.

Hypersthenics are patient and friendly. They are attentive to others and often help in solving their problems. These sympathetic and kind people are often vulnerable, but because of their fortitude, they rarely show it.

Their distinguishing feature is the ability to quickly forgive any offense and a complete lack of desire for revenge. Perhaps it is this quality of character that often contributes to the perception of fat people as kind and benevolent personalities.

This type of people loves comfort in everything and everywhere. A woman creates a cozy haven in her home, in which her family feels very comfortable. The man leads an active business life in which success never leaves him.

The hospitality of such individuals, their sociability and caring attract people, which makes hypersthenics the soul of any company. These are socially active people who constantly strive forward and charge everyone around with their bright, sunny energy.

To make it more clear, let's highlight the main characteristics of dense people:

• Relaxation in communication, movements, behavior (the main reason is weak muscle tone).
• Slow reactions.
• Dependence on external and internal comfort.
• Love for food.
• Passion for social life, spending time in the company of people.
• Friendliness and sociability.
• Friendliness and equal treatment of different categories of people.
• Orientation to the opinions of others.
• Ease in expressing feelings.
• Thirst for approval and love from friends.
• Tolerance for the opinions of others.
• Patience.
• Good dream. There is no need for long sleep.
• Focus on family and children.
• In a difficult moment, there is a need for communication, reassurance.
• Healthy sense of humor.
• commitment to tradition.
• Hospitality, caring.

Women and men with a similar physique need physical activity. They need to build muscle mass, and then the metabolism will accelerate on its own. After all, it cannot be said that they have a very strong appetite. No, such people, on the contrary, often limit their eating habits, which, unfortunately, has little effect on their weight.

You should observe moderation in food and eat only healthy foods, with a minimum sugar content. The amount of healthy fats should be no more than 25% of the total amount of food. Such people benefit from fractional meals and small portions. Get up from the table, feeling a little hungry.

Hypersthenics are distinguished by a cheerful and friendly disposition. This often leads to the fact that such people are "taken advantage of". You should be alert and not spray.

www.grc-eka.ru

What are the body types?

Each person has a specific physique, which is characterized by a set of proportions and specifics of the structure of body parts, as well as a feature of the development of bone, muscle and adipose tissue. These parameters are laid down in the prenatal period, and further changes are subject to the genetic program.

Most people have a combined body type. It includes signs of different types of constitution. For example, the figure of some people may be as follows: narrow shoulders and wide hips. It is often called pear-shaped.

The proportions of the human body is an important indicator of the state of physical health. If there is a disproportion, this indicates various disorders in the body associated with abnormalities in the endocrine system or genetic failures. Focusing on the proportions, we can distinguish the following types of human physique:

• mesomorphic type. These are people whose proportions are close in value to the average parameter. In this case, age, gender and many other features are taken into account.
• Brachymorphic type. People of this type are muscular and strong, short in stature. The transverse dimensions of the body parts exceed the longitudinal ones. The same applies to internal organs.
• Dolichomorphic type. He is a tall man with long arms and legs. Under the skin there is a small fatty layer, but the muscles are poorly developed. In this case, the longitudinal dimensions of the body parts prevail over the transverse ones.

Body types in men

Representatives of the stronger sex are full and thin, flabby and pumped up, fragile and athletic. In a word, men have a different body constitution, the types of which are named such as ectomorph, endomorph and mesomorph.

Ectomorphs

This type of figure is also called asthenic. A man of this type of physique is refined, this is expressed in elongated proportions. Asthenik has narrow shoulders, and growth is mostly above average. There are practically no fat deposits in an endomorph, just like muscles, because muscle tissue is rather poorly developed. It is very difficult for them to build muscle. But such men have a slender figure, and they are not afraid of excess fat. It is easy for ectomorphs to stay slim.

As psychologists note, such people are usually self-contained and very vulnerable. They are not subject to stress, they are not at all concerned about the problems of the people around them, but at the same time they have outbreaks of aggression. Often such men are immersed in themselves and it is very difficult to penetrate into their inner world.

Endomorphs

This type of physique of a man is also called picnic. Its representatives have a massive figure, have short limbs and a neck. Often they are called squat. They gain weight very easily, so there are many obese people among endomorphs. With well-developed muscle tissue, such men are able to maintain good physical shape. But at the same time, it is easy to lose it, because it is easy to gain excess weight.

Psychologically, they are highly prone to stress, sentimental and non-conflict. Being very friendly, such men are able to attract people to themselves with their carelessness and charm. It is easy to get along with them. But among representatives of this type of figure there are quite vulnerable and touchy personalities, when dealing with whom you need to be careful.

Mesomorphs

Men of this type have an athletic physique, they are strong and muscular. They have a strong skeleton and well-developed muscles, broad shoulders, dense torso. The limbs of a man are of medium length, and adipose tissue is poorly expressed. Such men are very energetic.

Mesomorphs are confident people. There are few creative personalities among them, since such men are dominated by stereotypical thinking. They are leaders both at work and in the family. They are resistant to stress and cardinal changes in their lives.

These types of physiques in men are considered the most common, but often the human figure is a combination of individual elements of each type. As a rule, one of them prevails over the other two.

Types of female physiques

Thanks to the classification of Professor V. M. Chernorutsky, three main body types are distinguished among women. Types of female figures: asthenic, normosthenic and hypersthenic.

Asthenic view

Such women are characterized by thinness, a thin and long neck, a flat chest, narrow shoulders, elongated thin limbs, an elongated face and a thin nose. They are usually taller than average. The asthenic type of women is characterized by poorly developed muscles, so they are not too strong and hardy. But they have sufficient energy, lightness, grace and are not prone to fullness.

Normosthenic view

Such a body constitution in women suggests a proportional figure, slender legs, and a thin waist. They are usually of average height. Such ladies have good coordination, they are fast and sharp. For this type of physique, the types of sports disciplines should have a game focus. These include basketball, volleyball, tennis, water aerobics.

Hypersthenic appearance

In women of this constitution, the bones are wide and heavy, large shoulders, the chest is wide and short, the limbs are slightly shortened. Growth is below average. Possessing natural strength and endurance, such ladies are deprived of grace and flexibility. Therefore, for this type of physique, the types of sports disciplines should be aimed at eliminating these shortcomings. Recommended directions: yoga, martial arts, callanetics and the like. In women of the hypersthenic type of constitution, the metabolism is very slow, so they are most often overweight.

These are the main body types in women, and they can also be combined with each other in various ways.

Conclusion

There are different body types of a person. It has been proven that they can affect the state of the body. Knowing your constitutional type, you can try to correct the situation. Many begin to engage in certain sports to eliminate their shortcomings, others adjust their diet. The main thing is to remember that nothing is impossible.