Holidays are constant companions of people's life. Holidays for us are an opportunity to bring joy to loved ones! And of course, a holiday is not a calendar concept, it takes place where it is felt, where it is expected. Behind last years Much has changed in our lives, but people's craving for holidays remains an important phenomenon for any person.

History of the Russian police

Day of the internal affairs officer Russian Federation- a great opportunity to look at the page of history.

The history of the Russian police dates back to the reign of Peter I. In 1715, the Emperor created a public order service in Russia and called it the police, which means "government of the state" in Greek. On September 8, 1802, under Alexander I, the Ministry of the Interior was formed. Russian Empire. The tasks of the Ministry, in addition to establishing and maintaining calm, ensuring fire safety, fighting fugitives and deserters, also included the construction of roads, overseeing shelters, it controlled trade, mail, medicine and monitored the payment of taxes. However, already in 1810, the leadership of the police was removed from the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the Ministry of Police was created. On July 6, 1908, the existence of detective departments under the police departments of cities and counties engaged in operational-search activities was legally fixed.

The Workers' and Peasants' Militia (RKM) was created immediately after the October Revolution on November 10 (October 28, old style) 1917 to protect revolutionary public order. Citizens who had reached the age of 21, who recognized Soviet power, were literate and enjoyed the right to vote, were accepted into the militia. Each enrolled in the police gave a subscription to serve at least 6 months. Many city and county executive committees set up voluntary organizations to assist the Soviet militia (Voluntary Police Detachments, Friends of Public Order, etc.). The introduction of a uniform uniform for police officers increased its prestige in the eyes of workers.

In the years civil war and intervention, police officers actively participated in hostilities and at the fronts.

In 1919, over 8,000 policemen were sent to the Red Army. In 1920, the entire militia of the front line took part in the battles against the troops of Wrangel and the White Poles: more than 3 thousand railway policemen were sent to the Western Front.

The "Regulations on the Workers' and Peasants' Militia" dated June 10, 1920 established that the main units of the apparatus of the RCM are the city and county (general), industrial, railway, water (river and sea) and search police. The regulation defined the RCM as an armed executive body, having the value of armed special forces.

Many police officers for participating in the military operations of the Great Patriotic Wars You have been awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union, orders and medals.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 1, 1988, the holiday was renamed Police Day.

The roots of the process of formation of the Soviet militia go back to the February Revolution in Russia. After the overthrow of the autocracy, the tsarist police were liquidated. The decrees of the Provisional Government dated 03/06/1917 on the liquidation of the gendarme corps, and on 03/10/17 on the abolition of the Police Department became the legal consolidation of the liquidation process. The replacement of the police by the "people's militia" was proclaimed.

The legal basis for the organization and activities of the militia was determined in the decrees of the Provisional Government "On the Approval of the Militia" and "Temporary Regulations on the Militia" issued on April 17, 1917. In its resolution, the Provisional Resolution tried to prevent the existence of both the people's militia and the armed formations of workers that existed at that time. Time of Troubles. The Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies that arose during the February Revolution, along with the people's militia, organized detachments of workers' militia and other armed formations of workers who guarded factories and plants and supervised the maintenance of public order. In the resolution "On the Approval of the Militia", the Provisional Government indicated that the appointment of the people's militia is carried out by the state administration. Thus, the people's militia, created immediately after the February Revolution, became an integral part of the state apparatus.

After the October Revolution, as it is now customary to say, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets legally secured the formation of the Soviet state and secured the liquidation of the Provisional Government and its bodies locally and in the center. The central militia bodies ceased to exist on December 2, 1917. On the ground, everything depended on the will of the new "masters of life." In many cities and districts, the militia of the Provisional Government was disbanded, while in others it was reorganized under the leadership of semi-literate political workers.

The legal basis for the organization of the Soviet militia was the resolution of the NKVD "On the workers' militia" issued on 28.10 (10.11). 17. This resolution did not provide for the organizational forms of the police apparatus. This was connected, first of all, with the views of the ruling elite on the state system. These views consisted in the fact that with the demolition of the old state machine, first of all, the army and the police were liquidated, and their functions were transferred to the armed people. This view existed for some time after the October Revolution. This idea received organizational and legal expression in the fact that the formation of the workers' militia took place, as a rule, on the basis of voluntariness, and only in some cases the formation took place on the basis of the service introduced by the Soviets.

Due to the fact that the formations of the workers' militia did not have a permanent staff, they were in the nature of mass amateur organizations. However, the real state of affairs has shown the unviability of such an approach to the organization of ATS. The party leadership at that time had a sober mind and sound memory. Already in March 1918, the Commissar of the NKVD raised the question of organizing the Soviet militia on a full-time basis before the Government. This issue was considered at a meeting of the Government, and the NKVD was asked to develop and submit a draft regulation on the Soviet militia.

On May 10, 1918, the NKVD collegium adopted the following order: "The police exist as a permanent staff of persons performing special duties, the organization of the police must be carried out independently of the Red Army, their functions must be strictly delineated."

On May 15, this order was sent by telegraph to all the governors of Russia. On June 5 of the same year, the draft Regulations on the People's Workers' and Peasants' Protection (police) were published. It clarified and deciphered the order of the NKVD, which we quoted. Then, the congress of chairmen of the provincial Soviets, which took place from 30.07. on 08/01/18 "recognized the need to create a Soviet workers' and peasants' militia."

On August 21, 1918, the Council of People's Commissars considered the draft Regulations on the Soviet militia. The Council of People's Commissars instructed the NKVD, together with the NKJ, to rework the draft into an instruction, adapting it (the instruction) to the performance of the direct duties of the police. And, finally, on October 21, 1918, the NKVD and the NKJ approved the Instruction on the organization of the Soviet worker-peasant militia. On October 15, 1918, this instruction was sent to the provincial and district police departments. She established the organizational and legal forms of the police for the entire Russian Federation. The central body of the Soviet militia became the Main Directorate of Militia. It carried out: general management of the activities of the Soviet police; publication of orders and instructions defining the technical and, of course, the political aspects of the work; supervision over the activities of the militia, etc.

For many years the holiday was called "Militia Day". After the entry into force of the new law "On Police" on March 1, 2011, the name of the holiday became obsolete. In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 13, 2011 No. 1348, the holiday became known as the "Day of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation."

For a long time of its existence, the law enforcement service has been repeatedly renamed and restructured. Today, the valiant policemen stand guard over our security. However, not every Russian knows what date Police Day is celebrated in Russia. This article is devoted to the hard work of police officers and their professional holiday.

history of the holiday

The day of the Russian police originates from the reign of Peter I. It was this great reformer who introduced a special service aimed at protecting public order. It was called the police and existed until the October 1917 revolution. Immediately after the October Revolution, the police was reorganized into a different power structure. This happened on the basis of the decision of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of November 10, 1917. 1962 was the year from which workers began to celebrate Police Day internal organs, then still policemen. These events were unofficial until 1980. In 1980, the official status of the militia day was assigned by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

More, neither after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, nor in connection with the renaming of the militia to the police in 2011, did the date of the celebration change.

Thus, the answer to the question of what date is the day of the police is given by Decree No. 1348, signed by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 13, 2011.

Holiday traditions

Like representatives of any other profession, on the day of their professional holiday police officers organize small festive feasts, congratulate each other, accept congratulations from the leadership. In honor of the holiday, some employees are awarded extraordinary titles for special merits in the service. According to centuries-old tradition, stars are washed in a glass of vodka. Most employees of the internal organs meet the day of the police, performing their official duties, therefore, on November 10, it is allowed to wear a festive uniform.

Many police schools hold an open day on November 10th. On this day, it is customary to honor service veterans and remember departed colleagues.

Celebrations on Police Day

According to rough estimates, the number of police officers in our country is slightly less than 750 thousand people. Therefore, Police Day is celebrated on a grand scale. In the Kremlin Palace are solemn events and concerts, at which representatives of the government always make congratulatory speeches.

It should be noted that the police officers themselves are not deprived of talents. The Academic Ensemble of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia has a huge number of fans.

Also, the day of the police is widely covered by the central television. Leading Russian channels broadcast films and series about policemen, and police officers are invited to popular TV shows.

How to congratulate those who guard our peace?

best congratulations for police officers on the day of their professional holiday there will be your sincere gratitude for their hard work.

Friends and relatives can be presented with a modest gift in the form of a souvenir. It can be a funny figurine of a policeman, you can pick up figures that correspond to the department in which your friend works. Various talismans-amulets are also very popular, because this profession is often accompanied by risk.

About the police profession

The day of the police officer is widely covered by the media. On the day of the Russian police, festive parades and demonstration performances by special services employees are held. Watching the beautiful and fit officers and employees of special units, many young men and women are thinking about choosing the profession of a policeman. But a holiday is a holiday. And what are the weekdays of the police?

The main task of the police service is to maintain law and order. However, it should be understood that not only precinct officers work in the police. The modern police of Russia includes several departments and units responsible for order and security in various areas. The activities of the modern police are very diverse. It includes the traffic police department, the migration service, the anti-extremism service, the criminal investigation department, the transport police, the tax police, the military police, the forensic center and other departments.

Police officers keep order in public places, at enterprises, in residential premises and so on. Therefore, they have legal grounds to visit any place in case of suspicion of an offense.

At the disposal of the police is a special ammunition, as well as a baton and firearms. At the same time, police officers are obliged to strictly observe the Charter and the law.

In addition to appropriate education, police officers need to regularly improve their skills. Only physically strong, hardy and strong guys and girls with such qualities as integrity and stress resistance are accepted into the ranks of police officers. A modern police officer must be ready at any time to provide assistance and even endanger his own health.

In addition, police officers must have a sufficient level of legal literacy. This is necessary for the correct establishment of the boundaries of what is permitted, as well as the legal explanation of their actions or the illegality of the actions of violators of the law.

Heroes of our time in the ranks of the police

Most of the work in the police is always accompanied by risk. Therefore, it is not surprising that there is always a place for achievement. Often these heroes are modest people, so only the closest people know about the importance and hardships of their service.

How many lives have been saved, how many crimes have been prevented thanks to the courage and dedication of the valiant police officers!

It so happens that without hesitation the best representatives of the profession give their lives for us and our peace of mind.

With such an ambiguous attitude of society towards the police, it is important to remember the daily risk to which law enforcement officers are exposed, and other disadvantages of this profession.

Police officers often have irregular working hours, unscheduled shifts and long business trips. With all the difficulties, the police are ready to work for the safety of the citizens of their country. That is why their work, not always appreciated, is important for everyone.

How to become a police officer?

The celebration of the day of the policeman is also accompanied by the popularization of this difficult profession. It is on this day that many young men and women ask themselves the question: “how to become a policeman?”.

You can become an ordinary police officer after serving in the army or after graduating from a police school. You can enter such a school on the basis of secondary education. And in order to take a serious position in the police, you will need a special higher education that gives knowledge of the law. The most prestigious universities where you can get this knowledge are located in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Omsk, Arkhangelsk and Vladivostok.

Now you know everything about Police Day: what date is celebrated, how to congratulate law enforcement officers, etc.

Today in Russia, a holiday is celebrated, which is historically customarily called the Day of the Police. After the well-known reform carried out several years ago, both the police itself and the former name of the holiday officially ceased to exist. As a result, a construction with a rather cumbersome name "Day of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation" appeared in the calendar of holidays of the power structures of our country. However, the renaming did not change the essence of the celebration.

In 2017, the holiday has its own anniversary. The fact is that it has been celebrated as a professional event since 1962 - 55 years ago - on the basis of a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The date has a historical reference to November 10 ( new style) in 1917, when the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Republic Alexei Rykov (the future chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR) put his signature on the decree "On the Workers' Police".

All law enforcement officers on this holiday were congratulated by the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Police General Vladimir Kolokoltsev:

I heartily congratulate you on the Day of the employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation! This is a holiday for all those who have dedicated their lives to serving the people, the law and the Fatherland.

The profession of a police officer is one of the most important and necessary. The requirements for it have never depended on the time - it is always a high responsibility, honesty and courage.

Today, the staff of the ministry adequately responds to new criminal challenges and threats, fights against organized crime, terrorism and extremism, and ensures the economic and migration security of the state.

Thanks to your effective work, the level of protection of citizens is increasing and, as a result, the prestige of the department is growing.

On this day, we pay tribute to our comrades who died in the line of duty, bow our heads before their feat and cherish the bright memory of the heroes.

I express my sincere gratitude to the veterans for their support and assistance in training, education and civil development of the young generation of law enforcement officers. Your experience, fidelity to duty and careful attitude to traditions are priceless for us.

I am sure that in the future the personnel will successfully solve the tasks entrusted to the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, strengthen the confidence of their compatriots with their work and high results.

With all my heart I wish you and your families good health, happiness and prosperity!

"Military Review" joins these words and, for its part, congratulates all employees and veterans of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and the USSR, who stand (stood) on guard of law and order and the rule of law, on their professional holiday!

Holidays are constant companions of people's life. Holidays for us are an opportunity to bring joy to loved ones! And of course, a holiday is not a calendar concept, it takes place where it is felt, where it is expected. Much has changed in our lives in recent years, but people's craving for holidays remains an important phenomenon for any person.

History of the Russian police

The day of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation is a great occasion to look at the page of history.

The history of the Russian police dates back to the reign of Peter I. In 1715, the Emperor created a public order service in Russia and called it the police, which means "government of the state" in Greek. On September 8, 1802, under Alexander I, the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Empire was formed. The tasks of the Ministry, in addition to establishing and maintaining calm, ensuring fire safety, fighting fugitives and deserters, also included the construction of roads, overseeing shelters, it controlled trade, mail, medicine and monitored the payment of taxes. However, already in 1810, the leadership of the police was removed from the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the Ministry of Police was created. On July 6, 1908, the existence of detective departments under the police departments of cities and counties engaged in operational-search activities was legally fixed.

The Workers' and Peasants' Militia (RKM) was created immediately after the October Revolution on November 10 (October 28, old style) 1917 to protect revolutionary public order. Citizens who had reached the age of 21, who recognized Soviet power, were literate and enjoyed the right to vote, were accepted into the militia. Each enrolled in the police gave a subscription to serve at least 6 months. Many city and county executive committees set up voluntary organizations to assist the Soviet militia (Voluntary Police Detachments, Friends of Public Order, etc.). The introduction of a uniform uniform for police officers increased its prestige in the eyes of workers.

During the years of the Civil War and intervention, police officers actively participated in hostilities and at the fronts.

In 1919, over 8,000 policemen were sent to the Red Army. In 1920, the entire militia of the front line took part in the battles against the troops of Wrangel and the White Poles: more than 3 thousand railway policemen were sent to the Western Front.

The "Regulations on the Workers' and Peasants' Militia" dated June 10, 1920 established that the main units of the apparatus of the RCM are the city and county (general), industrial, railway, water (river and sea) and search police. The regulation defined the RCM as an armed executive body, having the value of armed special forces.

Many police officers for participation in military operations of the Great Patriotic War were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, orders and medals.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 1, 1988, the holiday was renamed Police Day.

The roots of the process of formation of the Soviet militia go back to the February Revolution in Russia. After the overthrow of the autocracy, the tsarist police were liquidated. The decrees of the Provisional Government dated 03/06/1917 on the liquidation of the gendarme corps, and on 03/10/17 on the abolition of the Police Department became the legal consolidation of the liquidation process. The replacement of the police by the "people's militia" was proclaimed.

The legal basis for the organization and activities of the militia was determined in the decrees of the Provisional Government "On the Approval of the Militia" and "Temporary Regulations on the Militia" issued on April 17, 1917. In its resolution, the Provisional Resolution tried to prevent the simultaneous existence of both the people's militia and the armed formations of workers that existed in this troubled time. The Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies that arose during the February Revolution, along with the people's militia, organized detachments of workers' militia and other armed formations of workers who guarded factories and plants and supervised the maintenance of public order. In the resolution "On the Approval of the Militia", the Provisional Government indicated that the appointment of the people's militia is carried out by the state administration. Thus, the people's militia, created immediately after the February Revolution, became an integral part of the state apparatus.

After the October Revolution, as it is now customary to say, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets legally secured the formation of the Soviet state and secured the liquidation of the Provisional Government and its bodies locally and in the center. The central militia bodies ceased to exist on December 2, 1917. On the ground, everything depended on the will of the new "masters of life." In many cities and districts, the militia of the Provisional Government was disbanded, while in others it was reorganized under the leadership of semi-literate political workers.

The legal basis for the organization of the Soviet militia was the resolution of the NKVD "On the workers' militia" issued on 28.10 (10.11). 17. This resolution did not provide for the organizational forms of the police apparatus. This was connected, first of all, with the views of the ruling elite on the state system. These views consisted in the fact that with the demolition of the old state machine, first of all, the army and the police were liquidated, and their functions were transferred to the armed people. This view existed for some time after the October Revolution. This idea received organizational and legal expression in the fact that the formation of the workers' militia took place, as a rule, on the basis of voluntariness, and only in some cases the formation took place on the basis of the service introduced by the Soviets.

Due to the fact that the formations of the workers' militia did not have a permanent staff, they were in the nature of mass amateur organizations. However, the real state of affairs has shown the unviability of such an approach to the organization of ATS. The party leadership at that time had a sober mind and sound memory. Already in March 1918, the Commissar of the NKVD raised the question of organizing the Soviet militia on a full-time basis before the Government. This issue was considered at a meeting of the Government, and the NKVD was asked to develop and submit a draft regulation on the Soviet militia.

On May 10, 1918, the NKVD collegium adopted the following order: "The police exist as a permanent staff of persons performing special duties, the organization of the police must be carried out independently of the Red Army, their functions must be strictly delineated."

On May 15, this order was sent by telegraph to all the governors of Russia. On June 5 of the same year, the draft Regulations on the People's Workers' and Peasants' Protection (police) were published. It clarified and deciphered the order of the NKVD, which we quoted. Then, the congress of chairmen of the provincial Soviets, which took place from 30.07. on 08/01/18 "recognized the need to create a Soviet workers' and peasants' militia."

On August 21, 1918, the Council of People's Commissars considered the draft Regulations on the Soviet militia. The Council of People's Commissars instructed the NKVD, together with the NKJ, to rework the draft into an instruction, adapting it (the instruction) to the performance of the direct duties of the police. And, finally, on October 21, 1918, the NKVD and the NKJ approved the Instruction on the organization of the Soviet worker-peasant militia. On October 15, 1918, this instruction was sent to the provincial and district police departments. She established the organizational and legal forms of the police for the entire Russian Federation. The central body of the Soviet militia became the Main Directorate of Militia. It carried out: general management of the activities of the Soviet police; publication of orders and instructions defining the technical and, of course, the political aspects of the work; supervision over the activities of the militia, etc.

For many years the holiday was called "Militia Day". After the entry into force of the new law "On Police" on March 1, 2011, the name of the holiday became obsolete. In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 13, 2011 No. 1348, the holiday became known as the "Day of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation."

Law enforcement is one of the most sought-after, but also the most thankless profession. The police, like the army, only reflect the deep processes of society. Most of the people who protect our peace and health do it at the behest of duty, not sparing themselves.

The services involved in the protection of order have existed as long as the state itself. Russian police began its journey from the reign of Peter I. In 1715, he created a security service that monitored public order. At this time, the name "police" appeared.

The Ministry of the Interior was created much later, under Alexander I. Its tasks included: establishing and maintaining calm, fighting deserters and fugitives, fire safety, monitoring the condition of roads, trade, and supervising shelters.

The establishment of the service continued until the middle of the 19th century. First, the Ministry of Police was created. Then, laws were gradually adopted, which fixed the detective departments and departments of services.After the revolution, a worker-peasant militia was created to maintain order. She performed almost the same functions as the police. Literate citizens aged 21 and older were accepted into its ranks, who supported the Soviet government. They gave a subscription, according to which they were obliged to serve at least six months. From this moment on, the history of the Soviet, and then the Russian police goes on - October 28 (November 10), 1917.

The history of the militia is closely connected with the history of the country. There are many glorious and heroic pages in it. Employees fought on the fronts of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars, fought against saboteurs and spies. Your holiday most personnel always meets at a military post, guarding our peace.

Like the whole country, the police have experienced a lot during their existence - the cult of personality, the thaw, stagnation, perestroika, the collapse of the USSR and the formation of the Russian Federation. Times are dramatic and epochal. The chaos of the 90s affected the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs almost more than on other structures of the state.
Low wages, lack of modern technical means, lack of understanding of society could not break people selflessly serving the country and society. The police officers have repeatedly proved their devotion to the cause and high professionalism. Privates, sergeants and officers continuously solve everyday tasks to protect the country and society from criminal acts.

Until recently, the holiday was called "Militia Day". According to the law "On Police" in 2011, the service changed its name. And before the next professional date, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the name was changed to the Day of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.

On November 10, not only distinguished employees are awarded, but also veterans of the service are congratulated. The holiday is always a bit sad - we remember the comrades who died in the line of duty. Unfortunately, the best of us are the first to leave, but this is another reason to serve better not for money, not for gratitude, but at the behest of duty and honor.