The problem of the development of memory, attention and the ability to concentrate on tasks in the case of the developing brain of a schoolchild may arise as a result of the action of several factors: psychological, physiological, behavioral, etc.

• In some cases, for the development of memory and brain function, schoolchildren are offered to change their lifestyle and activities, enrich their diet (including with the help of dietary supplements).
• In others, for medical reasons, complex treatment with stimulant drugs and nootropics is used.
• Thirdly, a solution is sought in individual approach, taking into account the peculiarities of perception and memorization of a particular student, as a result of which parents adjust the school curriculum for their child.

Factors to be taken into account in the work to improve the work of the student's brain

medical factor

Most often, in the context of considering the action of this factor, they talk about attention deficit hyperreactivity syndrome (ADHD). Not all doctors, teachers and parents recognize the existence of this neurological-behavioral disorder, but for most ADHD is a medical fact, a complete way to get rid of which has not yet been found.

The syndrome is believed to be more common in boys than in girls. But the variety of diagnostic criteria, research methods and methods of group localization do not make it possible to establish not only the exact proportion, but even the prevalence of ADHD. Numbers from 3:1 to 9:1 ratio of boys and girls with this syndrome are called. The general estimate of the prevalence of the disorder ranges from 1 to 30% of the total population. It is also believed that a third of the children who have ADHD, outgrow the syndrome or adapt to it. The complexity of classification also arises from the fact that some of the signs of ADHD appear episodically and from time to time.

The phenomenological characteristic includes such diagnostic criteria as:

• inability to pay attention to details, as well as to concentrate on completing tasks and goals set during games,
• forgetfulness and distraction in everyday situations, which is also accompanied by frequent loss of things,
• avoidance of involvement in processes that require maintaining prolonged mental stress, etc.

Recognition of ADHD in a child allows correct corrections to be made to stimulate the student's brain activity, which in the future gives him the opportunity to count on success in the professional field, eliminates problems with adaptation in a team, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships.

Although approaches to dealing with the disorder vary across different countries, a comprehensive approach is generally accepted, which includes non-drug psychotherapy and individual behavior modification with the help of psychostimulants and nootropics (if pedagogical and neuropsychological correction does not help).

The danger of prescribing stimulants to children is due to the fact that excessive doses of drugs can be addictive, as a result of which cases are recorded when a teenager uses high doses to achieve narcotic effects. Part of the addiction is also due to the short-term effect of the drug, which, because of this, must be taken several times a day. So the action of most of them lasts no more than 4 hours, but methylphenidate or dextroamphetamine with a duration of action of up to 12 hours retain the danger of addiction.

An alternative to such drugs are herbal remedies such as HeadBooster, BrainRush, Optimentis, which affect the improvement of brain nutrition, blood circulation, energy metabolism and cortical tone not immediately, but gradually, as the state of tissues and communication functions in neural networks improve. Due to their "soft" action, these same drugs are most often used in the correction of a physiological nature.

Physiological factor

The most common physiological reason that prevents the student's brain from reaching its full potential is considered to be a violation of the blood circulation of the brain, as well as a lack of nutrients and oxygen. This situation may arise due to:

• genetic factors
• birth and postpartum injuries associated with injuries of the cervical spine, asphyxia, hemorrhages,
• diseases suffered by a child or mother during pregnancy,
• unbalanced diet and difficult environmental conditions,
• habits that cause the student to systematically break the rules healthy lifestyle life and behaviour.

The last two points are among those that can and should be influenced in order to improve the functioning of the brain of your child.

Socio-psychological factor

The success or failure of a child in acquiring new knowledge may directly depend on the degree of psychological comfort of the learning environment and teaching methods that correspond to individual characteristics of perception. So, a child studying in a hostile group, in principle, cannot be focused on the assimilation of knowledge, since he is busy with his own “survival”. With all the quick wit of the student and the activity of the brain, his formal performance will remain at a low level.

A “visual” child, who tends to more easily perceive information in the form of images, diagrams, visual images, printed texts, will be worse at remembering oral speech and trying to convey information in a verbal dialogue. And vice versa, it is easier for an “auditory” child to see information than to hear it, which also needs to be taken into account when assessing the individual abilities of a student and stimulating the work of his brain.

Finally, the child simply needs to be taught some memorization techniques in order for his efficiency and learning ability to increase dramatically. Most of these techniques involve associations, emotions, rhythms as learning aids. So a bright emotional image, associatively associated with the object of memorization and built into the space of a consistent story, is much better remembered.

Means to improve the functioning of the child's brain

Drugs and dietary supplements that affect the state of memory, the ability to concentrate and the quality of sleep do this indirectly - through improved microcirculation and brain supply, as well as through the "turning on" of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are biologically active substances different groups(peptides, amino acids, monoamines), acting as intermediaries in the transmission of an electrochemical impulse from a neuron. Most of the drugs created to enhance brain activity have such an “intermediary” in their composition.

« Glycine". A drug called a neurotransmitter amino acid that reduces the release of excitatory amino acids and causes an inhibitory effect. The drug helps to normalize sleep and increase mental performance. To improve sleep, it is used 20 minutes before falling asleep, 0.5 tablets for children under 3 years old and 1 tablet after the age of three. In similar doses - 0.5 and 1 tablet, respectively, for age, but 2-3 times a day - is used to relieve psycho-emotional stress, increase memory and mental performance of the child. Duration of admission - 14 days. If necessary, and in agreement with the doctor, the duration of admission can be increased up to 30 days. At the same time, with prolonged intake, children under 3 years of age reduce the dose (up to once a day) and the period (up to 7-10 days).

« Pantogam". Here, gamma-aminobutyric acid, which is one of the most important neurotransmitters of the central nervous system, is used as an active substance. The remedy is prescribed for violations of attention, speech, weakening of memory and a decrease in mental performance. For young children, "Pantogam" is prescribed in the form of a syrup with a gradual increase in dosage. With prolonged use of the drug, the drugs of this group are stopped in order to avoid excessive stimulation of the central nervous system. "Glycine", mentioned above, enhances the therapeutic effect of "Pantogam".

« Biotredin". In combination with "Glycine", it is recommended to take another nootropic - "Biotredin", which is drunk in courses of 7-10 days in the "three times a day, 1 tablet" mode. The product contains vitamin B6, activating the cognitive functions of the brain, improving the attention and memory of schoolchildren. However, the vitamin complex of group B is more widely and fully represented in the herbal preparation "Optimentis".

« Optimentis". A natural herbal remedy, which, in addition to pyridoxine (B6), which improves metabolism and increases the efficiency of the brain, and biotin (B7), which normalizes metabolism, also contains other vitamins of this group. Tocopherol is responsible for improving oxygen supply, and the plant base, consisting of a composition of Ginkgo Biloba extract and ginseng, is responsible for the energy level and blood circulation.

Go to official site.

". The main competitor of "Optimentis" in the group of natural herbal nootropics is called "HeadBooster", which, due to its composition, compensates for the lack of both vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids. At the same time, it also contains extracts of ginseng and Ginkgo Biloba, which are responsible for the microcirculation of brain tissues. Children from 12 years of age can take this dietary supplement on an equal basis with adults half an hour before meals three times a day for a month.

Go to Headbooster official website.

Memory is one of the mental processes that can be developed with the greatest efficiency.

Games, tasks, exercises that develop the memory of adolescents.

Words are being read. The subjects should try to remember them in pairs. Then only the first words of each pair are read, and the subjects write down the second.

MATERIAL:

1. hen- egg, scissors- cut, horse- hay, book- learn, butterfly- fly, brush- teeth, drum- pioneer, snow- winter, rooster- scream, ink- notebook, cow- milk, locomotive- drive, pear- compote, lamp- evening.

2. bug- armchair, feather- water, glasses- mistake, bell- memory, pigeon- father, watering can- tram, comb- wind, boots- boiler, lock- mother, match- sheep, grater- sea, sled- plant, fish- fire, axe- kissel.

· Close your eyes and imagine the corresponding pictures, the names of which will be pronounced.

1 Lion Attacking Antelope

2. Tail wagging dog

3. Fly in your soup

4. Macaroons in a box

5. Lightning in the dark

6. A stain on your favorite clothes

7. A diamond sparkling in the sun

8. Scream of terror in the night

9. Joy of motherhood

10. A friend stealing money from your wallet

Now remember and write down the names of the visualized pictures. If you remember more than 8 images, the exercise was completed successfully.

· In 40 seconds, try to memorize the 20 suggested words and their serial numbers. Close the text, on a piece of paper write the words with their serial numbers.

1. Ukrainian 11. Oil

2. Economy 12. Paper

3. Porridge 13. Cake

4. Tattoo 14. Logic

5. Neutron 15. Standard

6. Love 16. Verb

7. Scissors 17. Breakthrough

8. Conscience 18. Deserter

9. Clay 19. Candle

10. Dictionary 20. Cherry

Memory productivity can be calculated by the formula:

The number of correctly reproduced words. 100 = %

Number of suggested words

The same can be done with numbers.

1. 43 6. 72 11. 37 16. 6

2. 57 7. 15 12. 18 17. 78

3. 12 8. 44 13. 87 18. 61

4. 33 9. 96 14. 56 19. 83

5. 81 10. 7 15. 47 20. 73

Read out 10 words. You need to remember the words in the same order as they were presented.

The words: morning, silver, child, river, north, up, cabbage, glass, school, shoe.

Rows of numbers are read. You need to write down the numbers you remember. After that, the rows of numbers are read again and the numbers incorrectly reproduced in order and size are crossed out. Missing a number in a row is not considered an error.

Number rows:

53 27 87 91 23 47

16 51 38 43 87 14 92

72 84 11 85 41 68 27 58

47 32 61 18 92 34 52 76 84

69 15 93 72 38 45 96 26 58 83

Procedure "Group painting"

All participants sit in a circle. One of them holds a blank sheet of paper in his hands and tries to imagine a painted picture. He begins to describe it in detail, and everyone else tries to “see” on the sheet what he is talking about. Then the sheet is passed to the next participant, and he continues to create an imaginary picture, supplementing the already “written” with new details. The sheet is passed on. The facilitator should warn the participants that this should be a picture, and not a developing plot. The descriptions must be detailed enough so that it is possible to unambiguously establish the spatial relative position of the parts from them. The end of the work is announced by the participant, who considers that the picture is already unnecessarily overloaded with details.

Developmental exercise "Bulls-Cows"

Name. Developmental exercise "Bulls-Cows"

purpose.
This exercise is designed to develop analytical and combinatorial abilities. The exercise is based on the well-known logic game"Bulls-Cows". By itself, this game is very useful for the development of analytical and combinatorial abilities. However, the game is played in pairs. If, for one reason or another, the psychologist cannot play the game in pairs, then you can use this exercise.
The exercise shows the layout of the game "Bulls-Cows". For this layout, one and only one number option is possible. This number should be guessed. The exercise can be done both individually and in groups. You can arrange a competition among the participants on who will be the first to guess the correct answer. In the work of a school psychologist, this exercise can pursue the goal of popularizing this game among students. In fact, the exercise is a puzzle, and it can be given for independent study by everyone.
It is not obligatory to have a preliminary experience of playing "Bulls and Cows": the rules of the game are clearly spelled out in the handout.
When working with young people, there are various interesting options conducting an exercise in which the competitive element is a strong factor. One of the options might be the following: four participants are called, for example. The psychologist informs the rest of the participants that a contest for solving intellectual puzzles will now be held, and offers to place bets. Bets can be accepted in the form of tokens.
The exercise can be done as calm environment and a bit stressful. Complications can be achieved through loud music or unusual positions (for example, standing on a table).

Qualities. Analytical-combinatorial abilities

Vasya and Petya are playing the game "Bulls and Cows". According to the rules of this game, Petya thinks of a four-digit number. All four digits of this number must be different, and the first digit can be zero. Vasya tries to guess this number. To do this, he tells Petya his number. If, for example, Vasya guessed one number and at the same time guessed its place, then Petya says "one bull". If two numbers are guessed in this way, then two bulls are obtained, etc. If Vasya guessed only the presence of the number, but not its place, then Petya reports "one cow". If two numbers are guessed in this way, then two cows are obtained, and so on. Note that a cow is not a bull (and vice versa). And in the next round, a situation arises in which only one number is possible. Try to guess this number.

Options
1)

Vasya: 1385 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 6239 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 0237 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 6437 --- 0B 0K
Vasya: 0219 --- 3B 0K

Vasya: 1486 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 6203 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 9521 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 8539 --- 0B 3K
Vasya: 9354 --- 2B 2K

Vasya: 4638 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 1042 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 0567 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 5391 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 7891 --- 2B 2K

Vasya: 8301 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 0514 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 3025 --- 0B 0K
Vasya: 1849 --- 0B 3K
Vasya: 4178 --- 2B 1K

5)
Vasya: 0398 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 2095 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 5349 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 0679 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 6302 --- 1B 2K

6)
Vasya: 3726 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 3514 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 8129 --- 2B 1K
Vasya: 4829 --- 3B 0K

7)
Vasya: 3980 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 7945 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 1976 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 3247 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 6485 --- 2B 2K

8)
Vasya: 6597 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 7420 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 0463 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 1462 --- 2B 0K

9)
Vasya: 8621 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 3854 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 2597 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 4967 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 6570 --- 0B 3K

10)
Vasya: 9541 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 7430 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 2983 --- 0B 4K
Vasya: 8392 --- 2B 2K
Vasya: 3892 --- 0B 4K

11)
Vasya: 4603 --- 0B 4K
Vasya: 3046 --- 1B 3K
Vasya: 6340 --- 1B 3K
Vasya: 3460 --- 0B 4K

12)
Vasya: 2049 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 3268 --- 1B 3K
Vasya: 6328 --- 1B 3K
Vasya: 6283 --- 0B 4K
Vasya: 3826 --- 0B 4K

13)
Vasya: 1723 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 9735 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 1902 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 1678 --- 1B 3K

14)
Vasya: 9138 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 5128 --- 2B 1K
Vasya: 4158 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 9125 --- 1B 2K

15)
Vasya: 1426 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 9574 --- 1B 2K
Vasya: 9845 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 4507 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 7519 --- 1B 1K

16)
Vasya: 4958 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 4271 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 0257 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 1208 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 4607 --- 3B 0K

17)
Vasya: 4860 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 6371 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 2675 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 7349 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 1302 --- 3B 0K

18)
Vasya: 4019 --- 0B 1K
Vasya: 0672 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 1875 --- 1B 2K
Vasya: 1582 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 8371 --- 2B 2K

19)
Vasya: 5627 --- 1B 1K
Vasya: 8602 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 5432 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 7639 --- 3B 0K

20)
Vasya: 7142 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 2581 --- 1B 0K
Vasya: 9071 --- 0B 2K
Vasya: 2760 --- 2B 0K
Vasya: 2739 --- 1B 1K

Correct Answers
1) 0259
2) 9345
3) 8791
4) 4186
5) 7320
6) 5829
7) 4685
8) 1473
9) 5096
10) 8329
11) 6034
12) 8362
13) 1867
14) 5132
15) 4379
16) 4307
17) 1382
18) 8173
19) 7631
20) 2490

Development of flexibility of thinking

Among other forms of classes and exercises that develop thinking, it should be noted the system of classes proposed by V.N. Kelasyev (V.N. Kelasyev. Some approaches to the development of thinking flexibility // Practical thinking: functioning and development. M., 1990.) The author proposes a holistic system of techniques for the development of thinking flexibility.

I. Changing habitual temporal relationships

1. The method of separating one phenomenon from another in a time series familiar to a person (for example, imagine thunder without lightning, etc. and describe what it means - “shot”).

2. Reception of replacing the usual temporary order with the opposite one (reverse, for example, thunder - lightning).

3. Reception of a rare shortening of time intervals between certain events (for example, to reduce the period from birth to death to one day and compose the plot of this day, describe the dialogue between Aristotle and Newton, a man of the present and a man of the future).

4. Reception of movement along the entire time axis of the existence of a certain object (for example, a TV set - its role in the present, change in the future, prototypes in the past).

II. Changing habitual spatial relationships

1. Reception of replacing habitual spatial connections with unusual ones (for example, a car - on / under - a road).

2. The technique of combining various objects, usually separated in space (a blade of grass - a fountain pen, a berry - a picture, etc.).

3. Reception of separation of facts usually connected in space (fish without water, shop without money).

III. Changing habitual community ties

1. Reception of logical subtraction from objects of a common attribute (from objects "earth" and "ball" the attribute "roundness" is logically subtracted - flat earth and what happens on it).

2. Reception of strengthening of communications on a generality (or actions) between originally heterogeneous objects. It is required to bring them to mutual transformation, to find ways of rapprochement: "rain" and "rocket" - fall to the ground; decompose water into oxygen and hydrogen -> rocket fuel.

3. Reception of replacing habitual relations with directly opposite ones (for example: smoke is more useful than clean air).

IV. Changing habitual action transformation links

1. Reception of detachment of actions: depriving the object of the opportunity to perform habitual actions, transformations (a car that does not carry anything, a load that weighs nothing, food that is not saturated).

2. The technique of obtaining some result without the usual source of action (the house was built without builders, the concert without artists).

3. Reception of blocking "the expected result in the usual structure of action" (the car transports a person, but he remains in the same place).

4. Receiving a change in the usual direction of action (smoke is poisonous to a person, a person is poisonous to smoke, or the cold is hiding from a person).

5. Strengthening some property of the object in an unlimited number of times to an unusual scale (a bus that transports not 50, but 100,000 people).

6. Reception of changing the main property of the object in the direction of strengthening or weakening (house - tent - hut - awning).

7. Reception of drawing up plots based on pre-selected objects: a group of related objects is taken, roles are given to participants who must act out the plot in order to express their capabilities as vividly as possible (airplane, passenger, stewardess).

8. Reception of the formation of new objects from existing ones (build a new synthetic object).

Development of visual memory

We will get acquainted with exciting games that will help us develop our memory. For each game you will receive some number of points, at the end of the lesson we will count them and find out if your memory is good.

I. Matyugin, E. Chakaberia "visual memory", M.: 1992

Game 1: We need 2 "same" drawings with some differences. At the beginning we show the first drawing (30-50 seconds), then the second; after which we propose to find the differences from memory and write them down on a piece of paper.

Game 2: We show a picture with objects standing on the table (10-20 seconds), remove the picture and offer to remember in what order the objects would fall from the table if we tilted it in any direction. Write the names of the falling objects on a piece of paper.

Game 3: Two pictures with different objects: light and heavy, smooth and rough, wet and dry. First picture: imagine that you are in this room and touch each of the objects. Feel all objects by touch; then we show the second picture: look at the picture and determine how it differs from the previous one. What items are rearranged? It will be easier for you if you remember how you touched objects. Write the name of these items on a piece of paper.

Game 4: For this game you will need sticks (no more than 10 pieces). I will throw the sticks on the table. You will not have time to count them, so try to "photograph" them. Throw the chopsticks on the table and after 1-2 seconds cover them with a sheet. Say how many sticks are on the table.

Game 5: This game will require 30-40 sticks. Lay out on the table 1-3 geometric figures, folded from sticks after 1-2 seconds, cover them with a sheet and ask them to lay them out. Then we compare with the sample.

Now we count the number of points for each game:

45-50 points; Congratulations! You have an excellent memory.

35-44 points; you have a good visual memory.

30-34 points; you have a normal visual memory. Pay attention to the mistakes made.

15-29 points; don't be upset. Train your visual memory You will definitely improve it.

The development of speed reading

Name. The development of speed reading

purpose.
This exercise, or rather a cycle of exercises, is designed to develop speed reading skills.
The main reasons for slow reading are:
- Low concentration
- Talking to yourself readable text
- The habit of reading at a slow, habitual pace
- Narrow field of perception of the text
- Ability to separate essential information from non-essential
These problems can be solved with the help of a newly developed and quite effective way. The method is relatively simple and does not take much time. The technique includes ten identical exercises, which must be carried out one per day. By the end of the workout, the reading speed should rise by 10-30%. After a pause of several weeks, you can repeat this cycle of exercises.
The stimulus material consists of text that is a "crush" of various classical works. In each text, one of the classical works is dominant, that is, its text, although interspersed with other passages, is given sequentially. Perhaps the reader will take pleasure in guessing what kind of classical work is the skeleton of this text.
Read the text to the limit, trying to skip the excess, discarding the "garbage".
Although the exercise seems simple, it can nevertheless cause negative emotions, irritation. It's normal, it's "growing pains".
It is recommended to pick up a regular book within 10-30 minutes after the exercise and read at least one or two chapters at top speed.

Qualities. speed reading

Development of tactile memory

I. Yu. Matyugin "Tactile memory", M.: 1991

I have a lot to do today:

We must kill the memory to the end,

It is necessary that the soul turned to stone,

We must learn to live again.

Behind these lines of Anna Akhmatova, the true psychological truth about the inner work of the self-building of the personality is revealed. Each of us is busy with one thing - doing ourselves.

You can order yourself to forget, you can kill the memory, you can finally master the art of remembering. The main thing is just to understand what is genuine practical psychology is the science of building, constructing, cultivating and designing the human world.

What is tactile memory? Tactile memory is the ability to remember sensations from touching various objects.

For the lesson, we need ten cards with different roughness.

Game 1: Arrange the cards in a row in order from 1 to 10 numbers down. Now close your eyes and carefully, slowly feel the surface of each card.

Try to remember how they feel and in what order they lie. Shuffle cards.

Try to touch the cards in the same order with your eyes closed.

Check the correctness count the number of errors.

Game 2: Take a card. Close your eyes and touch it. What does its surface remind you of? Touch each card in turn, imagine what they look like. Write on a piece of paper what each card reminds you of. Rate in points.

Game 3: Take a picture with a lot of things in it. All of them are different to the touch: warm, cold, smooth, prickly, soft, hard. Imagine that you are touching every object. Take your time, be careful, touch all the items, don't miss anything.

Then remove the picture. Try to remember the things that were in the picture, write them on a piece of paper.

Calculate points:

115 -120 points, Congratulations! You have an excellent tactile memory.

85 -115 points, you have a good tactile memory.

50 -85 points, you have a normal tactile memory, pay attention to the mistakes made.

15 - 50 points, don't be upset. You will definitely improve your tactile memory.

word games

Form as many words as possible from these words: quarantine, barbershop, lean against, support, petal, hard labor, mosquito, drill, gum, man, polka, primus, university.

It is not necessary that the new words have the same number of letters as the given ones. For example, a mouth, etc. When performing this exercise, you can also introduce a competitive moment, compete with partners for a while.

From the letters t, y, w, a, k, you can make several words with the condition that all these five letters make up only five-letter words. Below are groups of letters from which you need to make as many words as possible:

a) o, k, t; b) y, r, e, a; c) a, a, k, n; d) o, o, e, l, s, k. Select vowels for the given consonants so that as many words as possible (nouns in the singular nominative case) come out of them: a) c, d, e; b) s, k, p, t; c) f, k, l; d) n, l, s, k; e) f, x; f) g, c; g) b, r, w

For example, with the consonants m, k, l, you can compose the following words: milk, kulema, flour grinder, poppy, bark, strap, terminal, dear, crowbar, breaking.

Storytelling

Many of you know funny phrases in which every word starts with the same letter or syllable. For example: "Four black, dark little imps drew a drawing in black ink." In this phrase, each word has the letters "ch" and "r".

Come up with your own funny phrase. Work should begin with the "Spelling Dictionary", in which you need to select words that begin with the same letter and are similar in plot.

Now let's learn how to write different stories. Take any two words that are far from each other in meaning. It is desirable that one designate some animal, the other - an object. For example, a cat and a balalaika. Let's try to connect them with the help of prepositions, using different cases. "A cat on a balalaika", "Balalaika over a cat", "Balalaika in front of a cat", "A cat with a balalaika", "A cat near a balalaika", "A cat from under a balalaika", etc.

Each of these phrases can be used as the basis for inventing a situation. For example, "A cat in a balalaika" is an interesting topic! Why did she go there? Maybe she made herself a home there? It is possible that she played a prank and hid from retribution in a musical instrument: it would never occur to anyone to look for her there.

Take a couple of words that are distant in meaning and, based on their most interesting combinations, come up with your own plot.

Poor school performance and unwillingness to attend classes is a common problem in many families. The reason for this may be the heavy load of school programs and the inability of teachers to present information in an interesting way. You can increase concentration, memory and perseverance using various methods.

Eidetic is the science of memory development. It helps a person to perceive information more effectively. The basic principle of eidetics is as follows: any information can be presented in the form of pictures-images. This method of learning is not just used for, it makes educational process game. At the same time, children will strive to gain new knowledge and will not want to shy away from doing homework. Eidetics for children is a technique suitable for schoolchildren of any age.

Tablets for memory

Poor school performance may well be due to distracted attention. Nootropic drugs to improve memory will help solve the problem, they can increase blood circulation in the brain and concentration. Nootropics have a positive effect not only on the intellectual abilities of children and adults, they also normalize the general condition nervous system. These memory enhancing drugs contain neurotransmitters, vitamins and amino acids. Another active ingredient this tool- glycine. This substance reduces psycho-emotional stress and has a positive effect on mental abilities. You can buy a nootropic drug after consulting a doctor.

Substances that are directly related to memory: calcium, iodine, copper, manganese, iron, magnesium, zinc, niacin, folate, choline, lecithin, vitamins B1, B6, B12 and C. These substances are contained in dietary supplements (BAA) , which are not drugs, as well as in natural products.

• The brain needs glucose for energy. To make up for its lack, it is necessary to eat foods that improve memory - bananas, potatoes and grapes.
• Natural stimulants of brain activity are B vitamins. They are found in cereals, milk, liver and yeast.
• Lean meats, sesame seeds and apples contain iron, which is responsible for the normal level of hemoglobin in the blood.
• Zinc and copper activate thinking. They are found in cauliflower, sunflower seeds and oatmeal.
• Lecithin is responsible for normal growth and the development of the body, it is also needed to ensure concentration and favorable brain function. Its main sources are: nuts, herring, eggs, butter.
• Magnesium and calcium are found in cheese, avocado, sesame and mango.

The brain is 85% water. Deficiency of even 2-3% of water can significantly reduce brain activity. To be able to quickly solve problems and remember the rules, a teenager needs to drink at least two liters of water a day.

The brain, like the body, needs constant training, otherwise it simply loses its tone.

Memory development in children: exercises for the brain

1. Make both the right and left hemispheres of the brain work. To do this, take two pencils, in the right and in the left hand, and then draw two figures at the same time.
2. For a minute, stroke your head with your left hand, and beat the fraction on the table with your right hand. After a minute, change the actions for each of the hands - beat the fraction with the left, and stroke the head with the right.
3. Do familiar things in a new way. Any non-standard behavior forms new neural connections, which means it improves brain function.
4. Use non-standard approaches to learning. For example, a child learns the rule: "not written with verbs separately." Invite him to imagine that the verb is a football player, and the particle "not" is a ball that needs to be thrown away.
5. Teach your child poems and songs. The keywords of the sentences can be drawn as vivid images.
6. When memorizing a sequence of words, ask your child to come up with a story in which the memorized words will be in the correct order. This method perfectly trains memory and develops imagination.
7. Psychologists confirm that emotionally colored events are remembered faster. To capture something in your memory, draw analogies and create associations. The more vivid images, the better.
8. Write new English words and mathematical formulas on stickers and hang them where you will surely stumble upon them.
9. What you especially need to remember well, repeat before going to bed.

There are various games for the development of memory, logic with interesting tasks and puzzles. Good sleep, good physical activity, proper nutrition - all these are important conditions for improving memory and brain function.

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Schoolchildren are often very distracted, they do not remember well the information they receive from teachers and parents. Some psychologists attribute this to the fact that all students are heavily overloaded with unnecessary information, and their brain simply tries not to remember what it does not need, and much may turn out to be unnecessary for it.

But they also say that if you don’t want to put up with this state of affairs, but dream of improving your child’s memory so that he becomes more collected in life, more successful at school, then they advise a few simple rules to improve memory. By the way, these tips can be useful not only for students, but also for parents.

We offer you 10 ways to improve memory and self-development:

1. Reading good literature

Of course, many parents understand how difficult it is to get a student to read. good book instead of watching cartoons, chatting on social networks or playing computer games. But, nothing is impossible, you can instill in your child that reading is fashionable and useful.

The most important thing is to show him by your example that reading for you is an integral part of life. You can also tell your child interesting stories that you learned from books, invite him to take turns reading aloud those books that inspired you, for example, on vacation.

And also, in order for your child to have an incentive to read and the opportunity to read anywhere, you can give him a modern e-book and make for him a selection of books that, in your opinion, are important for him and worth reading.

2. New skills

New skills train memory very effectively. Encourage your child to take up another sport if he is already doing something, and start playing sports if he is currently inactive.

Also tell your child about many interesting sections and circles where he can learn to play different instruments, sing, play on stage, draw, do needlework, and also invite him to enroll where he wants.

3. Increase vocabulary

Create an exciting home game: discover a new word every day. In search of complex words, as well as their interpretations, the Internet will help you. In its vastness, you can find out what procrastination, downshifting, phenylketonuria and more are.

4. Learn by heart

Children are asked to memorize a lot of poems, but often they are “lazy”, join the learning process with your child, talk to him about your favorite poetry, read them to him and offer to learn.

5. Numbers

Memorizing numbers is great for memory development. Try to memorize the dates of birthdays of all your friends and relatives together with your student, play with him the game “Who will remember more?”

6. Learning foreign languages

Learning foreign languages ​​is a great exercise for the brain. And in the life of your child, this knowledge will always come in handy. Therefore, if your child is not yet attending foreign language courses, it's time to fix it ...

7. Talk about the past

Talk more with your child, ask him to tell him what he had at school, how he walked with his friends yesterday. You should not be satisfied with the child's monosyllabic answers, bring him to a full-fledged conversation, if he is not very willing to tell, you tell him first, and then he will connect.

8. Sleep

Of course, do not forget about a healthy eight-hour sleep. During the day, our brain solves all sorts of tasks and problems. Therefore, at night he needs a good rest. And, then, tomorrow, he is again ready to solve various problems. Don't forget about it!

9. Get rid of the routine

Try to teach your child to get rid of the routine, do not go to your favorite cafe on the weekend, try to go to a new place, come up with different breakfasts. Encourage your child to do something different each weekend. In the process of getting rid of the routine, your memory will be trained.

10 Games

And you still don’t play chess at home, you can start, this game perfectly develops memory and logical thinking. Triple a chess match among all the households, let grandparents take turns taking part in the game, if they live with you. I wonder which one of you will be the winner?

To make your memory and your child's memory much better, try to remember these useful tips and do something every day to improve your memory.

We often complain about a bad memory - and our own, and especially in children. Experts are unanimous: you just need to deal with the development of memory. To make things more fun, we have selected 8 puzzles from the new book, which is all about . We hope these games will brighten up your family leisure.

Violin, scissors, giraffe...

Carefully examine the objects shown in the picture for two minutes. Then, without looking at the picture, write down on a piece of paper what you remember. Don't be discouraged if you can't remember everything.

When memorizing items, follow a certain order. Say their names out loud.
First memorize one group of five items, then add another one, and so on.

What's on the poster?

Carefully examine the poster for a minute.

Now, without peeking, answer the questions.

1. How many horses are on the poster?
2. Is it the US or the UK?
3. What does this poster announce - a film festival or a circus?
4. How many stars are at the very bottom of the poster?

Candle and snowman

Come up with associations for numbers and words in accordance with their external form. You can spend as much time on this as you need. Then close the picture.

Answer the questions provided.

1. What number corresponds to a snowman?
2. What numbers correspond to the ravine and the candle?
3. What numbers correspond to a sailboat, an egg and a snake?
4. What numbers correspond to a balloon, a bird, a children's slide and a duck?

Swim everyone!

Learn and memorize the details of a photo in one and a half minutes. Then close it and answer the questions.

1. Where does the action take place - on the beach or in the mountains?
2. Are all women in bathing suits?
3. Is there a man in the photo with his index finger raised up?
4. Are all people in the foreground or is there someone in the background too?

When was Galileo born?

For one and a half minutes, memorize the names of historical figures and the year of their birth. Then close the list.

Now all the names and dates are mixed up. Find the correct year of birth for each historical person.

How much is the closet?

You need to furnish your children's room. The figure shows prices from the furniture catalog. Memorize them for a minute. Now close the labels and answer the question:

How much money will you spend if you decide to buy a bunk bed, round rug, two armchairs, two lamps and a two-section wardrobe?