What to do before the birth. Before childbirth: what procedures await the expectant mother. Reception and medical examination

An exciting moment lies ahead. The family will become one more person. Parents, thinking about what to do before giving birth, make a list of important things. The main thing is not to miss anything. Troubles are pleasurable. They will be remembered for a long time.

Organizational moments

References, papers to the hospital are prepared in advance. Starting from the second half of the term, they are constantly carried with them. Even if the gynecologist diagnoses contractions at 38 weeks, labor can begin in advance for many reasons. She shouldn't take her mother by surprise.

Things to do before childbirth:

  • prepare documents;
  • to pack.

A passport and an insurance policy are required. Do not forget the exchange card with the results of the ultrasound. If possible, make a copy. If the original is lost, obstetricians will not know how the pregnancy proceeded. The list of required papers varies from the chosen maternity hospital, the presence of a partner.

So, what documents to take with you:

  1. the passport;
  2. compulsory medical insurance policy;
  3. exchange card;
  4. birth certificate;
  5. power of attorney to represent the interests of the mother during labor;
  6. direction, if the institution was chosen in advance;
  7. contract, when the procedure is under contract;
  8. in partner childbirth, husband's tests, fluorography.

Keep all documents in a separate folder. Do a last-minute check to make sure nothing is missing. Gather bags with things for the child, for yourself.

The package must contain:

  • washable slippers;
  • phone plus charger;
  • a bottle of water without gas;
  • hygienic lipstick;
  • fitball when he is not in the hospital;
  • baby diapers;
  • baby clothes.

If the husband is present during the birth process, additionally capture:

  1. shoes;
  2. disposable suit;
  3. mask;
  4. thermos with a drink;
  5. sandwiches.

When the time of childbirth approaches, mothers think about where to go through the process. The choice is often based on the opinion of friends, relatives. Reviews do not always reflect the real situation, they rely on a subjective vision of the situation plus an emotional coloring. Therefore, the gynecologist invites the mother to walk around the institutions herself, get acquainted with the medical staff, and evaluate the conditions.

Don't forget prep courses. It is allowed to visit them together with her husband. In the classroom, experienced midwives teach mothers how to breathe properly, talk about all kinds of positions that facilitate the passage of contractions. They also introduce mothers to the basics of motherhood.

Mother preparation

Women experience a whole range of indescribable feelings before the onset of labor. They do not sleep at night, they worry, they are afraid of the upcoming event. Physiological changes begin. The belly drops. Losing weight. Water breaks prematurely.

At such times, you should not panic. Call the doctor and take charge. Some have time to wait for a manicure.

What is done before childbirth in the hospital:

  • put an enema;
  • shave;
  • if necessary, massage the perineum.

An enema is an unpleasant manipulation, although it is painless. It is carried out so that the contents of the intestine do not come out with the onset of attempts. The child moves through the channels, exerting pressure, clearing his way.

It is possible to do an enema before childbirth at home or entrust the manipulation to a nurse. Women in labor with experience advise beginners to use products containing glycerin instead of the “classic” option. The most popular microclysters are microlax, candles.

The second procedure necessary before labor is getting rid of pubic hair. If a big belly does not interfere, do it yourself. Otherwise, the nurse will deal with the manipulation immediately after the woman in labor enters the hospital.

Some people wax their hair. Go to the salon. They do it cheap and fast. The main thing that should be observed is sterility. If you have not resorted to such depilation before, do not start before childbirth. Painful manifestations of the first time are pronounced.

The massage procedure of the perineum is carried out in the "lying" position. Take a warm shower the night before to relax your muscles. Treat the skin with oil, pour it on your fingers. Gently insert the large and medium inwards, advancing 3 cm. The movements should be pressing, but soft down the sides. Do stretches for 2 minutes. If there is a pain sensation, stop the massage manipulation. Acupuncture before childbirth helps relieve unpleasant spasms. The acupuncture method acts on active points without damaging the skin.

Some preparation is required for a caesarean section. It takes place in the maternity hospital 3 to 10 days before the planned intervention. An obligatory item is ultrasound, laboratory tests of blood, urine. No food is allowed 12 hours before the operation. Cleansing enema is given twice; the night before and in the morning 3 hours before caesarean. To prepare the surgical field, hair is removed from the groin area. The method of anesthesia is chosen.

Waiting for a baby

If the pregnancy is proceeding normally, the woman in labor, according to the plan, goes to maternity leave. There is a lot of free time. Some don't know what to do with themselves. Others are in trouble.

What to do before childbirth at home:

  1. prepare a dowry for the baby;
  2. clean the apartment;
  3. arrange a children's room;
  4. apply for an allowance.

One of the important and pleasant things for the expectant mother is preparing for the meeting of the baby. It is necessary to make a purchase of everything necessary before the maternity hospital. By the time of discharge, then there will be nothing to worry about.

Dowry means:

  • clothes;
  • diapers;
  • bedding;
  • means of care and hygiene;
  • stroller;
  • Car seat;
  • bath;
  • scales;
  • furniture.

If the mother suffers from superstition, leave the purchased things for safekeeping with a friend, or the husband will take care of the preparations after the wife is sent to the maternity hospital. Everything will have to be done in a short time. Purchase, delivery, arrangement take time.

It is necessary to make arrangements for the nursery before the birth. Cleaning the apartment is also included in the list of necessary activities. If there is a separate room, it is prepared in advance. At first it will be a paper project. Then comes the stage of joint thinking and the ideas are put into practice.

Before the arrival of the newborn, a general cleaning is done. Dust is wiped off. The floors are being washed. Sanitary equipment is disinfected. It is not necessary for mom to do household chores. All households are able to join in the work.

Registration of benefits, other papers related to the birth of a baby, cannot be done in advance. Therefore, write down the reception hours of organizations, addresses where you will have to contact later. Make a list of required references. This will save time. Arriving at the hospital, a woman thinks only about a favorable delivery. It is important to listen to the advice of the obstetrician and follow them. Then the process will pass without complications.

What to do in the hospital before childbirth:

  1. soothing massage;
  2. counting contractions, intervals between them;
  3. choosing a comfortable position;
  4. breathing adjustment.

It is good when during uterine contractions there is close person. The presence itself has a calming effect on the woman in labor. He will also be able to convey to his mother the words of the medical staff, which are indistinctly perceived by the consciousness of a woman.

As you can see, before giving birth, you need to do a lot. So those women in labor who claim that on recent months carrying a child will have nothing to do. Don't worry if labor starts prematurely. Feel free to shift all the worries about preparing for the meeting of the baby on the shoulders of your husband and other household members.

When going to the hospital, the expectant mother, who is expecting her first baby, usually experiences excitement. A lot of incomprehensible procedures that await a woman in the maternity hospital, like everything unknown, causes some anxiety. To dispel it, let's try to figure out what and why the medical staff will do at each stage of childbirth.

Childbirth in the hospital. Where will they send you?

So, you started having regular contractions or amniotic fluid began to break, in other words, labor began. What to do? If at this time you will be in a hospital in the pregnancy pathology department, then you must immediately inform the nurse on duty, and she, in turn, will call the doctor. The obstetrician-gynecologist on duty will examine and decide whether you really started giving birth, and if so, he will transfer you to the maternity unit, but before that they will do a cleansing enema (the enema is not done in case of bleeding from the genital tract, with, full or close to it opening of the cervix, etc.).

In the event that labor activity begins outside the hospital, you need to seek help from the maternity hospital.

When hospitalized in a maternity hospital, a woman passes through the reception area, which includes: a reception room (lobby), a filter, examination rooms (separately for healthy and sick patients) and rooms for sanitization.

A pregnant woman or a woman in labor, entering the reception, removes outerwear and passes into the filter, where the doctor on duty decides which of the departments she should be sent to. To do this, he collects anamnesis in detail (asks about health, about the course of this pregnancy) in order to clarify the diagnosis, trying to find out the presence of infectious and other diseases, gets acquainted with the data, conducts an external examination (reveals the presence of pustules on the skin and various kinds of rashes, examines the pharynx) , the midwife measures the temperature.

Patients with an exchange card and no signs of infection are hospitalized in the physiological department. Pregnant women and women in labor who pose a threat of infection to healthy women (without an exchange card, who have certain infectious diseases - acute respiratory infections, pustular skin diseases, etc.) are sent to an observational department specially designed for these purposes. This eliminates the possibility of infection of healthy women.

A woman can be admitted to the pathology department in the case when the onset of labor is not confirmed using objective research methods. In doubtful cases, the woman is hospitalized in the maternity ward. If labor activity does not develop during the observation, then the pregnant woman can also be transferred to the pathology department after a few hours.

In the viewing room

After it is established which department the pregnant woman or woman in labor is sent to, she is transferred to the appropriate examination room. Here, the doctor, together with the midwife, conducts a general and special examination: weighs the patient, measures the size of the pelvis, abdominal circumference, the height of the fundus of the uterus above the womb, the position and presentation of the fetus (cephalic or pelvic), listens to its heartbeat, examines the woman for edema, measures arterial pressure. In addition, the doctor on duty performs a vaginal examination to clarify the obstetric situation, after which he determines whether there is labor activity, and if so, what is its nature. All examination data are recorded in the history of childbirth, which is started here. As a result of the examination, the doctor makes a diagnosis, prescribes the necessary tests and appointments.

After the examination, sanitization is carried out: shaving of the external genital organs, an enema, a shower. The volume of examinations and sanitization in the examination room depends on the general condition of the woman, the presence of labor and the period of childbirth. At the end of the sanitization, the woman is given a sterile shirt and gown. If childbirth has already begun (in this case, the woman is called a woman in labor), the patient is transferred to the prenatal ward of the birth unit, where she spends the entire first stage of labor until the onset of attempts, or to a separate birth box (if the maternity hospital is equipped with such). A pregnant woman, still awaiting childbirth, is sent to the pregnancy pathology department.

Why is CTG needed during childbirth?
Considerable help for assessing the condition of the fetus and the nature of labor is provided by cardiotocography. A heart monitor is a device that records the fetal heartbeat, and also makes it possible to track the frequency and strength of contractions. A sensor is attached to the woman's stomach, which allows you to record the fetal heartbeat on a paper tape. During the examination, the woman is usually asked to lie on her side, because standing or walking causes the transducer to continually move away from where the fetal heart rate can be recorded. The use of cardiac monitoring allows you to timely identify fetal hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) and anomalies of labor activity, evaluate the effectiveness of their treatment, predict the outcome of childbirth and select best method delivery.

In rodblock

The birth unit consists of prenatal wards (one or more), delivery wards (delivery rooms), an intensive observation ward (for observation and treatment of pregnant women and women in labor with the most severe forms of pregnancy complications), a manipulation room for newborns, an operating room and a number of utility rooms.

In the prenatal ward (or maternity box), they clarify the details of the course of pregnancy, past pregnancies, childbirth, conduct an additional examination of the woman in labor (the physique, constitution, shape of the abdomen, etc. are assessed) and a detailed obstetric examination. Be sure to take an analysis for the blood type, Rh factor, AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis, produce a study of urine and blood. The condition of the woman in labor is carefully monitored by the doctor and the midwife: they inquire about her well-being (degree of pain, fatigue, dizziness, headache, visual disturbances, etc.), regularly listen to the fetal heartbeat, monitor labor activity (duration of contractions, the interval between them, strength and soreness), periodically (every 4 hours, and if necessary - more often) measure the blood pressure and pulse of the woman in labor. Body temperature is measured 2-3 times a day.

In the process of monitoring the birth process, there is a need for a vaginal examination. During this study, the doctor determines with his fingers the degree of opening of the cervix, the dynamics of the progress of the fetus through the birth canal. Sometimes in the maternity ward during a vaginal examination, a woman is offered to lie on a gynecological chair, but more often the examination is performed when the woman in labor is lying on the bed.

A vaginal examination during childbirth is mandatory: upon admission to the hospital, immediately after the discharge amniotic fluid and also every 4 hours during childbirth. In addition, there may be a need for additional vaginal examinations, for example, when conducting anesthesia, deviations from the normal course of labor or the appearance of bloody discharge from the birth canal (one should not be afraid of frequent vaginal examinations - it is much more important to provide a complete orientation in assessing the correct course of labor). In each of these cases, the indications for carrying out and the manipulation itself are recorded in the history of childbirth. Similarly, in the history of childbirth, all studies and actions carried out with a woman in labor during childbirth (injections, measurement of blood pressure, pulse, fetal heartbeat, etc.) are recorded.

In childbirth, it is important to monitor the work of the bladder and intestines. Overflow of the bladder and rectum prevents normal course childbirth. To prevent overflow of the bladder, the woman in labor is offered to urinate every 2-3 hours. In the absence of independent urination, they resort to catheterization - the introduction of a thin plastic tube into the urethra, through which urine flows.

In the prenatal ward (or individual maternity box), the woman in labor spends the entire first stage of labor under the constant supervision of medical personnel. In many maternity hospitals, the presence of the husband during childbirth is allowed. With the beginning of the straining period, or the period of exile, the woman in labor is transferred to the delivery room. Here they change her shirt, scarf (or disposable cap), shoe covers and put her on Rakhmanov's bed - a special obstetric chair. Such a bed is equipped with footrests, special handles that need to be pulled towards you during attempts, adjustment of the position of the head end of the bed and some other devices. If the birth takes place in an individual box, then the woman is transferred from an ordinary bed to Rakhmanov's bed, or if the bed on which the woman lay during labor is functional, it is transformed into Rakhmanov's bed.

Normal childbirth with uncomplicated pregnancy is taken by a midwife (under the supervision of a doctor), and all pathological births, including births with a fetus, are taken by a doctor. Operations such as C-section, the imposition of obstetric forceps, vacuum extraction of the fetus, examination of the uterine cavity, suturing of soft tissue ruptures of the birth canal, etc., is carried out only by a doctor.

For medical questions, be sure to consult your doctor first.

Comment on the article "Standard procedures for childbirth"

It is foolish to blame the Lord God. but you can, if there are reasons for that. I especially blame myself for the second birth - it was necessary not to let out snot in response to loud growls and threats, but to show firmness - to send these unfortunate paramedics all to the garden at once, so that the brains would not soar, and if they didn’t obey, then threaten with a gun . because these bastards only thought about their own skin, and not about our birth. they didn’t give a damn that the opening was already 8 cm, and the road was long and potholes, that I would suffer there and that the child might suffer. but simply for them, taking them to the maternity hospital is the same "standard procedure" to which everyone in this system is accustomed and has forgotten how to act outside of them. and it would be better for us in those conditions to stay with her husband and give birth ourselves. not to say that this is also the limit of my dreams, but that's exactly the situation is non-standard. and these idiots from the system did not know how and did not want to act in unusual situation and take birth. they better put us at even greater risk - they put us in the car to the hospital, just to wash our hands. what are we? Are they to blame for getting this far? Well, not everyone lives near the Kremlin wall! Well, we HAD to live like this and spend the pregnancy there in the wilderness. Well, it didn’t work out to settle near the maternity hospital, and even near a normal home midwife. and that we now do not have the right to live and give birth? so they told us in the maternity hospital - you don’t have, they say. and in this situation, when the human factor is resting, only the Lord God can save the situation.

2007-06-08 08.06.2007 14:20:08,

I really hope that you will be lucky with the doctors this time too! you see: it turns out that any birth, even at home, even at the maternity hospital, is largely a matter of luck, because everything cannot be foreseen. but something, of course, is possible. anyway. try to find a normal midwife, for example. but I repeat once again, looking at the title of the original topic: the hospital system itself, the very approach to childbirth in the maternity hospital as a whole, does not suit me in many ways! all this assembly line, which pulls someone out of the other world, but does not have time for someone and does not want to show a little more attention in order to pull, help, work for a healthy 5 points - no, it’s enough just to save life there. Everyone chooses for himself, the risk is everywhere. someone is ready to increase the risk to health for the sake of a lower risk to life, and someone needs everything or nothing. besides, it would be simply painful and humiliating for me personally to undergo all these described preparatory and postpartum standard procedures. and someone is not very offended, or someone humbles himself by virtue of character or simply because he does not know how to avoid all this.

2007-06-08 08.06.2007 15:57:08,

The described technology of obstetrics, although it is standard and generally accepted, makes me feel a deep disgust - I don’t want to give birth like that !!! Why an enema, why cut off the umbilical cord right away, why does a child need a warm table if he has a mother? Why put your hands into the vagina every 3 hours, ask how many times I peed, measure the temperature every 5 hours, especially when you want to sleep after giving birth? It so happened that one of my acquaintances purely by chance gave birth to a baby at home (did not wait for an ambulance), the birth was the second and she had something to compare with - everything turned out much easier at home and the baby was born healthy and she herself felt better. I was very worried that I gave birth to a child squatting on a not very clean floor - and then I realized squatting to give birth is easier, more physiological ....

Of course, I'm afraid to give birth like this without outside help, at home, but I'm afraid of the maternity hospital no less. Now I am looking for a modern, trustworthy clinic where I could safely give birth without unnecessary intervention, in a normal room, and not in a tiled birth control room.

2007-07-14 14.07.2007 21:08:17, Tanya

On the chair looked before childbirth. But somehow neat. I waited, after reading the conference :), terrible pain, but everything was very bearable. After giving birth, a deep examination was not accurate. There was some, but not deep-eyed, I think I would remember him :). Episiotomy:) was sutured under local anesthesia. When they started sewing, I involuntarily twitched, well, like a cramp or something (but not from pain) and organized a small gap for myself. The only jamb is that they pressed on the stomach to help give birth, because. my child was quite healthy, and I have a narrowing of the pelvis of the 1st degree. But, thank God, everything ended well. Once they pressed (I didn’t feel pain at all) and I gave birth to a baby in two attempts.
Now I am of the opinion that during childbirth, first of all, one must rely on God (well, or whoever believes in whom), then on oneself, and only last but not least, on doctors. Well, if it's a natural birth. If operation, then you automatically drop out :)

2007-06-08 08.06.2007 16:52:07,

As for sterility, I can't resist. I gave birth in 2003, for a fee. Upon admission, they gave me a sterile ikhalat shirt, in which I spent two days. They went to the toilet, to the corridor and to the cashier - to pay extra. She gave birth in them. But the panties were torn off furiously (even before the birth). Let better diaper falls to the floor. And in the delivery room, a stone's throw from me, there was an old, broken bed covered with a centimeter layer of dust. The husband was given a dressing gown that smelled of sweat and unwashed stains of someone's blood. They forced me to change my shoes into slippers, and the shoes were right there, almost under the maternity chair. There was also a bag with things, which had previously been on the subway with me. In the same bloody robe, the husband took his son in his arms for the first time. But then, in the ward, they branded me with shame for hanging the bathrobe (my own, ironed) so that it touched the back of the crib! The fact that I took the child in my arms in the same dressing gown does not count!

2008-03-07 07.03.2008 13:46:14, Vika

and it hurts me to read how girls dangle through all the procedures in a row and then sob from the suspicions of genetics or ultrasound. I just consider it my duty to tell people my example, when medical not even suspicion and reinsurance, but their confidence - it was a fatal mistake. Such cases are not isolated, unfortunately. and how many are simply not known for the simple reason that the girls believed the diagnosis of a frozen pregnancy and went for curettage? no child, no problem. perfect reinsurance: (maybe those who sent me to the first B. for an abortion after an ultrasound also wanted to help me? otherwise there is so much trouble with children! :((NO! It would be unfair to look for excuses for such cases. not all doctors are like that - this is understandable to a hedgehog. But I, among other things, represent here an alternative approach to pregnancy and childbirth as a whole, and I often take arguments from personal experience. Do I have the right?

2007-06-08 08.06.2007 15:43:18,

my first home births are described in detail, even 2 times - an abbreviated version in reg with a link to a detailed one in LiveJournal, where all the background, heroes, motives and cause-and-effect relationships. AND WHERE DO I HAVE WRITTEN THERE that I decided to give birth there myself without everyone and did not prepare for childbirth at all ??? NO! I found a home midwife, who, by the way, didn’t just go out for a walk, but has three higher educations, including medical and psychological, plus vast experience in delivering children in different conditions, including in the maternity hospital in the brigade. and we were preparing for these births together in advance and long before. but from the maternity hospital, by the way, her colleagues survived at one time - probably for non-standard thinking and for the ability to take responsibility. doctors are not gods, but often try to get people to believe in themselves as gods. but about the fact that all the bastards - I also do not say that.

2007-06-08 08.06.2007 15:08:20,

There are 65 reviews in total.

The main goal of the husband in the maternity hospital is to be a buffer between his wife and doctors. And help her. Plus, it was important for me to control the birth process. After all, there is a theory by Stanislav Grof that a person receives most of the psychological trauma at birth.

What surprised:

The child was born in a dream. He opened his eyes, looked consciously at me, and continued to sleep. No screaming, just peaceful sleep. The theory of birth trauma, in my case, was not confirmed.

The child needs only one thing - the breast.
The song comes to mind:
Dad can, dad can do anything
Swim breaststroke, argue bass, chop wood.
Papa can, papa can be anything
Only a mother, only a mother can not be ...

Idea: in cities, fountains should be placed in the form of a female breast.

The baby needs to be swaddled so that he feels like a uterus. Then he immediately calms down and falls asleep.

The little man refuses to relieve himself in diapers. The child gives signs that he has an affair. You unfold it and it does everything.

The child is big. At first, it is very scary to pick up. But imagining that this is an adult, only a small one, you can safely wear it.

About the system of medicine

The main goal of doctors is to relieve themselves of responsibility. A woman, coming to a consultation, transfers responsibility to the doctor. And the doctor transfers responsibility to the System.

The system of medicine has three gods: tests, drip and injections.

A person is perceived as an indicator of analysis. If they differ from the norm, then you need to treat: a dropper and injections.

If the tests are very different from the norm, then the doctors immediately exclaim: “How are you still alive?”, “How did you not drink a single pill during pregnancy?”, “How could you not lie on the preservation?”.

The idea that the observer affects the observed (without esotericism) is incomprehensible to doctors. Analysis is God. He needs to be worshipped. And the fact that analyzes and measurements are made with errors does not bother them.

The usual picture: a healthy pregnant woman comes to the consultation, waits for 40 minutes for her turn in a stuffy corridor, then her pressure is measured. And it is... high! Why would it suddenly? And the woman is placed on conservation (bed rest and droppers). A healthy man came in and he left sick.

Be careful when taking tests and measuring pressure. If so, please double check.

Patient rights

Good is salvation - this is our wise, in the literal sense, legislation.

It allows you to opt out of any medical intervention, you even have the right not to receive information about your health. Just write a receipt. We wrote them in antenatal clinic, otherwise the wife would have been put up for preservation dozens of times.

Just be prepared to resist. They said about us: "Here a young couple came, the rights are pumping." They asked for what religious beliefs we refuse to interfere. In general, it is a good idea to mow down under some religion, for example, the Baptists. And they won't touch.

By the way, communication is polite everywhere. After all, if they are rude, they will record them on a dictaphone, put them on the Internet and ruin their career. Why do they have problems with such eccentrics.

The only place where the rights won't really work is the birth itself. There is such a powerful psychological pressure that there is no strength left to resist. This is where the doctors burst in ... they scream, are rude, they don’t consider a woman in labor to be a person. And if you don’t like it, they say, then give birth at home, otherwise you read a lot of books here ...

Life in the maternity hospital

The 5th maternity hospital in Krasnodar is considered the best in the Krasnodar Territory. The ward for two resembles a 3-star room. Somewhere from 6 am to 2 pm every 20 minutes, someone comes into the ward, there is an incessant stream of people (nurses, doctors, cooks, cleaners).

Healthy sleep is not the god of medicine, so no one will let you sleep. Only the child falls asleep - he needs to be seen by a pediatrician, they wake him up, he cries. Again, you need to calm down ... and so on ad infinitum.

You have to give credit to the staff. Works like clockwork. I even had to hide trash bags, because they were thrown out faster than something appeared in them. The food is good, the only pity is that the husband is not fed.

I was the only man on the floor. True, there was another uncle, a doctor, who went to women's breasts and felt them (good job).

Without a husband, life in a maternity hospital for a woman is a barracks. Especially for those who gave birth by caesarean section. Our birth went naturally, only due to the fact that we arrived late at the maternity hospital and did not go to bed for preservation. Otherwise, they would heal.

How women cope, I have no idea. They are chased like a lamb for tests: fluorography, ultrasound ... And the child at this moment is alone, deprived of a breast. That's where childhood trauma comes from.

What to do with a husband in the hospital?

Sleep, eat, take care of the baby and mom.

There is no power left for the rest. Even Ipad with the Internet did not save. The only entertainment I found was taking pictures of people from the window. The entrance in front of the maternity hospital is a place of power. Emotions run high when relatives meet mom: dancing, champagne, balloons...


He was happily forgotten...


Dad is preoccupied with twins

Extract

Escape from the hospital passes through a special room - the discharge hall. In it, the husband and relatives meet the newborn and mother.

The discharge hall is a ritual. I went into it with my wife, child and a nurse from the rear. It has a special room where everyone changes into festive outfits (a kind of purgatory).

I go out first to the discharge hall, relatives give flowers. I'm looking forward to the music. Where is Mendelssohn's march? There is nothing like it, only staring videographers, lounging in their chairs, watching me. Mom comes out, I hand her the flowers. I change the child from the nurse for gifts. We leave quickly.

In fact, you won’t be bored during this period, because there is so much to do before giving birth!

Childbirth - major event in the life of a woman, for which, of course, it is necessary to prepare in advance. Moreover, the concept of preparing for childbirth includes not only such an important aspect as attending courses for future parents, but also the practical side of the issue: choosing a maternity hospital, arranging a nursery, preparing the necessary documents, buying a dowry for a baby and many other necessary things.
In order not to forget anything and do everything on time, it is convenient to make a list of “good deeds” for yourself in advance. The cases and tasks that the expectant mother needs to complete before giving birth can be divided into two lists. The first will include everything that needs to be prepared directly for childbirth and the maternity hospital. The second list will be important things that need to be done before the birth of the child, because then they may not have enough time and energy.

Preparing for childbirth

Choice of maternity home. This issue should be approached in advance and with all seriousness. It is desirable that the maternity hospital is located not far from home and meets your ideas about comfort. The selection criteria can also be positive reviews and recommendations from friends. Be sure to consult with the doctor who manages your pregnancy: with some features of the course of pregnancy (Rh-conflict - the production of antibodies in the body of a Rh-negative pregnant woman while carrying a fetus that has a positive Rh factor, which leads to the destruction of its red blood cells, perceived as foreign; multiple pregnancy) or the presence of comorbidities (for example, diabetes, hypertension) you need to choose a maternity hospital with the appropriate specialization. It is important to form your own idea of ​​the maternity hospital; To do this, you can call the nearest maternity hospital and personally clarify the key points:

  • Nursing Specialization.
  • Presence of children's resuscitation.
  • Conditions of stay in the antenatal, maternity and postnatal department (number of beds in the ward, availability of shower and toilet, additional amenities).
  • Opportunity for partner births and visits to postpartum ward.
  • Joint or separate stay with the child in the postpartum department.
  • The possibility of concluding a contract and choosing a doctor.
  • Things and documents necessary for hospitalization.
  • Dates of preventive treatment ("washing") of the maternity hospital.

Based on the results of such a “survey”, one or more maternity hospitals you like the most, you need to go to each of them and see everything with your own eyes: the admissions department, discharge, photos of the maternity hospital departments in the reception hall, visit the tour, if they are held in the maternity hospital, this is a separate paid service, for which you do not need to conclude a contract. You can talk with doctors in the emergency department, employees of the referral service or the insurance company of the maternity hospital, if possible, with patients and their relatives. It is desirable that on these trips you are accompanied by someone close (husband, mother or giving birth to a friend). To complete the picture, you can see photos or video on the website of the maternity hospital. A personal visit will help to make a more objective impression of the maternity hospital and finally make a choice.

Unfortunately, the likelihood that you will be able to give birth in the chosen maternity hospital depends not only on your desire, but also on the number of places in the maternity hospital that may be occupied. Therefore, if you want to get to the maternity hospital you like at all costs, you should think about the contract form of obstetrics.

The conclusion of the contract for childbirth. If you decide to reserve a place in a specific maternity hospital or prefer individual birth management and more comfortable conditions stay, you need to conclude a contract for childbirth in advance. In most maternity hospitals, a contract for commercial services is concluded from the 36th week of pregnancy; at the same time, the price, terms of validity and the range of services provided can vary significantly. Some forms of contracts provide only enhanced comfort conditions in the maternity ward and postnatal ward, but do not include individual medical care conditions. Other options include the possibility of choosing and replacing an individual doctor, observation, examination and tests in the prenatal and postnatal period. The duration of the contract also differs: only for the duration of the stay in the hospital, from payment of the contract to discharge from the maternity hospital, for a month or more from the date of conclusion of the contract (such a contract includes prenatal and postnatal monitoring of the patient's health and the birth itself). In order to select the optimal conditions, it is necessary to consider in advance possible options commercial services, call the insurance company of the maternity hospital and talk with an agent, drive up and carefully read the terms of the contract, and only then conclude a contract for childbirth.

Preparation of necessary documents. Upon admission to the maternity hospital, you will need a passport, a policy of compulsory or voluntary medical insurance and an exchange card. Ask your doctor to check that the "exchange" of the results of all necessary analyzes and examinations (blood type and Rh factor, tests for HIV, hepatitis B and C and syphilis for each trimester, general analysis and biochemical analyzes of blood, urine, smear on the vaginal flora, ECG, ultrasound and CTG, examination by an ophthalmologist, dentist and therapist ). An exchange card is an important medical document containing all the necessary information about the health of the expectant mother and the course of pregnancy; this medical information helps the maternity hospital doctor to get a complete picture of the patient and choose the right tactics for managing childbirth.

If you have been observed at the antenatal clinic for at least 12 weeks by the same doctor, he will provide you with a birth certificate (usually issued at 30 weeks of pregnancy), which should also be taken to the maternity hospital and presented upon admission to childbirth. When observed in a commercial clinic, a birth certificate is not issued, since it is used only in the field of free medical services. This document was created to assess the effectiveness of the provision of medical services in the structure of obstetrics within the framework of compulsory medical insurance (compulsory medical insurance). The absence of a birth certificate should not give the expectant mother a reason for concern: it does not affect the choice and hospitalization in the maternity hospital. If there is no birth certificate upon admission to childbirth, it can be issued at the maternity hospital.

Check with the help desk of the maternity hospital what documents you may need additionally: sometimes in the admissions department they ask you to provide photocopies of your passport and insurance policy. If planned partnership childbirth, you need to prepare a contract for childbirth, if necessary, also clarify what tests are needed for the presence of a partner (for example, the results of fluorography and tests for HIV, hepatitis and syphilis) and their expiration date. Having prepared everything Required documents for childbirth, put them in one file in advance and keep them in a conspicuous place so as not to look for when preparing for the maternity hospital. After the 36th week of pregnancy, it is better to carry all the listed documents with you at all times.

Collection of "disturbing bag". Everything you need to stay in the hospital should also be prepared in advance so that you don’t forget anything in the bustle of the last fees. Things for hospitalization need to be decomposed into two parts - for the maternity and postpartum wards, placing them in two clean plastic bags. Before starting the collection, once again clarify the requirements of the maternity hospital for things for hospitalization and make a separate list for each department.

In the rodblock bag, you need to put washable slippers, a bottle of non-carbonated water for rinsing your mouth, hygienic lipstick, moisturizing spray or cream, wet wipes or toilet paper; some maternity hospitals allow you to take your own clothes (robe and nightgown, cotton socks), mobile phone, player, photo and video camera. If a partner birth is planned, you need to clarify the list of things for the partner in advance and put them in the delivery bag. Your birth partner will definitely need washable slippers and clean socks; if the hospital does not provide special clothing, you can take a clean T-shirt and cotton trousers or buy a disposable medical suit at the pharmacy.

For the postnatal ward, you will need a pack of sanitary pads, a pack of disposable panties, a pair of nursing bras, a breast pump, nipple cream, toiletries (comb, toothbrush and paste, soap, shampoo and shower gel), hair dryer and, if necessary, cosmetics. For the baby you need to take a small package disposable diapers and wet wipes. If the maternity hospital allows you to use your own clothes for newborns, you need to collect another bag with a dowry for the baby (according to the list recommended by the maternity hospital). Usually, for crumbs, it is recommended to take 4-5 knitted overalls and the same number of bodysuits, a pair of knitted mittens and socks, a knitted hat. You do not need to take diapers and bedding - they are provided by the maternity hospital. All items must be washed and ironed. When you're done, put a list of the items it contains in each bag to make it easier to pack before leaving the hospital.

Choice of route to the hospital. In order to avoid problems on the way to the birth, if possible, study your route to the maternity hospital in advance. Just in case, make several options for the road to the hospital, taking into account possible traffic jams and unforeseen difficulties. Take the time to drive through each route option and record the length of your journey to find the best route. Remember the exact address of the maternity hospital and ways to get to it - in case you need to call a taxi. And of course, ask your doctor in advance and be sure to write down the phone number of the “obstetric ambulance”, because it may be necessary to call a specialized team.

What needs to be done

Dowry- one of the most important and most enjoyable things for a future mother. The concept of a child's dowry includes clothes, linen (diapers and bedding), hygiene and care products, a stroller, a car seat, a bathtub, scales, necessary furniture (for example, a crib, a changing table) and much more. Dowry collection for the baby should be taken care of before childbirth, because by the time of discharge, everything you need should already be at home. If the expectant mother is superstitious, purchases for the baby can be stored with relatives and friends until childbirth, or even in a store (some stores for mothers and babies offer storage services for purchased goods), but then the care for the delivery and preparation of the dowry falls entirely on the shoulders of relatives and is carried out in too short a time - during the stay of mother and baby in the hospital. But you need to have time to bring everything (and sometimes even buy it!), disassemble and arrange, wash, iron and sort linen and clothes ... It is better to do everything in advance and calmly, especially since preparing a dowry for a baby gives the expectant mother a lot of pleasure!

Items for discharge for mom and baby It also needs to be prepared ahead of time. For this significant event, you will need beautiful clothes and cosmetics for mom and, of course, a special dowry for a newborn. To discharge the baby from the hospital, you must use overalls. If the baby is in an envelope or blanket, then you will not be able to fix it in child car seat, which also needs to be purchased for the extract. Carrying a baby in her arms in a car is very dangerous, since even with a minor accident and low speed, it will be very difficult for the mother to hold the child. Under the overalls, the newborn is put on a bodysuit or knitted overalls, a hat, socks and mittens. In addition, for the baby you need to prepare wet wipes, several disposable diapers and a couple of diapers. For yourself, you need to prepare clothes taking into account changes in the figure: the stomach does not disappear immediately after childbirth, so outfits purchased at the beginning or middle of pregnancy are best suited. In addition, on the way home, it may be necessary to feed the baby, so it is more convenient to choose a top with a cutout or button-down. It is better to put things for discharge from the hospital in advance in a bag, label it and enclose a list of things.

Nursery equipment and house cleaning are also on the to-do list. It is necessary to discuss in advance where the baby will live for the first months of life, and it is most convenient to equip that part of the house that is destined for the role of "children's" (this can be a separate room or a place in the parents' room). First, on paper, and then - and in practice, you need to arrange a crib, a changing table, think about where the hygiene items, clothes and linen of the baby will be stored. Perhaps it will be a chest of drawers for children's things or a dedicated space in the closet. By the arrival of the newborn at home, a general cleaning should be done: you need to vacuum and wash the floors, wipe off the dust, wipe the furniture, wash the plumbing -
And this, of course, is not at all mother's worries! These responsibilities can and should be shifted to the household; however, in order for everything to be done in full, correctly and on time, it is worth preparing instructions for cleaning the house in advance.

Registration of grants and other documents related to the birth of a child, unfortunately, it is impossible to carry out in advance. But if you make all the necessary information before giving birth, make a list necessary documents, write down the addresses and office hours of organizations, the procedure for obtaining benefits and other important papers will take much less time!

Visit to a beauty salon- no less important item in the list of "prenatal activities". In the first months after the birth of a child, a young mother often does not have enough time to take care of herself, so on the eve of childbirth, you can think about a comfortable haircut that does not require complicated styling. In addition, in preparation for childbirth, you can get a manicure and pedicure without using nail polish and choosing short length nails.

What can you do at home to prepare for childbirth and the hospital if you are going to one?

Preparing the cervix for childbirth, softening the cervix

  • from 36 weeks - regular sex life without a condom. Sperm softens the cervix, preparing it for childbirth. That is why a condom is essential during pregnancy itself.
  • from 34 weeks evening primrose oil in capsules - 1 per day, from 36 weeks - 2, from 39 weeks - 3 capsules per day. Drink.

Preparing the skin of the perineum for stretching during childbirth
Prevention of tears and incisions of the perineum (episiotomy)

Perineal skin massage using vegetable oil(regular, olive, wheat germ). Before the massage itself, warm up the skin (with a warm heating pad or a warm bath). Dry and massage with your hands the dry skin between the anus and the vagina from the outside, rubbing oil into it, pull the lower fornix of the vagina down and to the sides.

from 34 weeks - 2 times a week, from 38 - every day

Exercises for stretching the muscles and ligaments of the perineum:

  • standing sideways to the back of the chair, rest your hands on it and take your leg to the side as high as it is comfortable - 6–10 times for each leg.
  • with the same emphasis, raise the leg bent at the knee to the tummy.
  • legs wide apart, slowly sit down and hold in this position for several seconds, you can spring. Get up slowly and relax. You can repeat 3-5 times.
  • squat down, straighten one leg and set aside. Shift weight from one foot to another several times in a row. Arms outstretched forward will help maintain balance.

Everyday poses.

  • "tailor's pose" - in a sitting position, cross your legs in front of you
  • "butterfly" - sitting, connect the heels and pull them to the crotch. You can not move your legs, just remaining in this position, but most likely the "wings" will start dancing on their own. It's great and won't stop us from watching TV, reading, or peeling potatoes.
  • “on your heels” - kneel, tightly connecting them, and smoothly sit back on your heels
  • "Frog" - being in the "heels" position, spread your legs and sit on the floor between your heels.
  • squatting: you can just squat, minding your own business, or you can (should!) squat the floor!
  • you can walk "in single file" - from the kitchen to the room

Choose a position that is comfortable for you and change position as soon as it becomes tiring.

See also the corresponding section - Gymnastics to prepare for childbirth

Preparing nipples for feeding. Prevention of cracked nipples and mastitis

  • cold and hot shower massaging nipples
  • terry towel (rub gently)
  • air baths (more to walk with an open chest)
  • gentle stretching of the nipples, shaping elongated shape- hands (their own) and husband (any way)
  • ice cubes from decoction of oak bark

It is not necessary to try hard in advance, because stimulation of the nipples causes uterine contractions

Preparing for the maternity hospital

What to agree with the doctor in advance:

  • how to give birth (as far as you insist on natural childbirth, if there are relative indications for caesarean section). Discuss the conditions under which the doctor considers the operation necessary, come to an agreement.
  • when to give birth (if caesarean is being discussed) - planned or start naturally.
  • when to go to the hospital (when the contractions begin, the waters break, there will be contractions at certain intervals - which ones)
  • what kind of anesthesia to use and in what case (for caesarean - general or epidural, for natural childbirth - standard medical sleep, pain relief, at your request, for the reasons of the doctor, no pain relief without serious indications - as you wish)
  • the presence of relatives at birth. Husband, mother, girlfriend, assistant, what to take with them (change, change of clothes, food, drink), what they will be allowed to do, whether they can give you a massage, hold your hand at any time, i.e. interfere with the staff , pick up the baby first, cut the umbilical cord.
  • stimulation of contractions - the introduction of oxytocin - and a puncture of the fetal bladder. Under what conditions the doctor insists on carrying out, discuss what not to do prophylactically, if you do not want to.
  • episiotomy (do you insist that it should not be done without emergency indications, or are you yourself interested in making everything faster and easier - after all, it is done just for this, like the previous paragraph). Sewing up with anesthesia - be sure to insist, this is the most painful procedure in childbirth.
  • putting the baby to the breast and the first actions with him. When to cut the umbilical cord - immediately or after the pulsation stops (with Rh incompatibility it is forbidden), to whom, first wash and weigh the baby or first put it on your chest, for how long to put it, how long they will take it for washing, weighing and instillation of the eyes, where, when return - as you wish! There are no standards that are perfect for everyone, you may be the first to want to sleep peacefully alone. If they take it to the nursery, whether to supplement it there, whether to supplement it with the mixture that you bring or the one that is there, whether it is possible with donor milk - all this will be discussed. If you are set to feed on demand with separate placement, discuss that they immediately carry to you, and do not supplement them. Is it possible to dress a child in home clothes.
  • vaccinations. Hepatitis - whether to do in the hospital. If yes - only imported vaccine - buy and bring.
  • if you have a negative Rh factor - buy and bring anti-Rhesus D-immunoglobulin, discuss its administration within 72 hours after childbirth, the sooner the better.

List of things in the hospital

  • the passport
  • exchange card
  • childbirth contract
  • mobile phone and charger
  • robe
  • nightdress with ties in front (it is convenient to use a regular men's shirt.) 2-3 pieces.
  • slippers (according to the requirements of some maternity hospitals, they must be washable. If not, then a second pair for the shower).
  • Molipants disposable briefs
  • postpartum pads
  • anti-varicose stockings/stockings/elastic bandages
  • warm socks
  • toothpaste and brush, comb, cream, toile. paper, napkins, sponge, baby soap, unscented antiperspirant (children are often allergic to their mother's deodorant and cream, and not at all to what she ate)
  • towels 2
  • plate, cup, spoon
  • hygienic lipstick! (lips dry during childbirth)
  • hair clips, loose elastic bands (remove everything during childbirth)
  • bras (a special model for nursing, or soft knitted ones, in which you can easily release the chest.)
  • cream for cracked nipples - purelan
  • disposable bra pads
  • breast pump, if the maternity hospital does not rent or you do not want
  • bottled water, tea leaves, sugar, chewing gum
  • thermos with drink (rosehip infusion)
  • second thermos with reducing and hemostatic herbs
  • food: dried fruits, fruits, biscuits
  • small electric kettle
  • paper, pen, book, player (or tape recorder to listen with your child), cassettes with your favorite music
  • camera
  • plaid - if winter
  • nightlight - if only overhead lighting is provided in the wards
  • Disposable diapers. You should not buy more than two packs in advance (in the first days, about 10 diapers per day can be spent in the maternity hospital), as there may be a negative skin reaction to one or another model, and you can also choose the size only for the child. Even if the maternity hospital offers their own diapers, it is better to immediately use the brand that you plan to use so that you do not have to change later.
  • The same goes for formula milk “just in case”. It is better to choose with a pediatrician and bring your own than later to adapt to the one that was first given in the maternity hospital
  • Cleansing wipes, moist, non-alcoholic Haggis, odorless.
  • Blanket just in case.
  • Bottle with nipple 0+ for drinking water. The water is sterile for babies. Small bottle.
  • Bodysuits (overalls) - if the rules of the maternity hospital allow, then it is convenient to immediately put the baby in your own clothes
  • spare shoes for your husband, if he is with you
  • food for husband (bananas, sandwiches, water)
  • contact numbers of those who you may need - a specialist in breastfeeding, the doctor who led your pregnancy, the pediatrician. It is better to agree with him and a breastfeeding specialist in advance so that you know who to call in case of problems in the maternity hospital