Pension legislation in Russia has been reformed several times. Because of this, it seems that it is confusing and it is impossible to understand it.

Diana Shigapova

knows what to expect

But to calculate the future old-age pension on your own is real. This can be done quite simply - on the calculator on the PFR website, although the results there will be very conditional. It is better to read this article and calculate the amount of the pension using a special formula.

Legislative regulation

The old-age insurance pension is calculated according to the rules established by:

1. Federal Law No. 173-FZ of December 17, 2001 “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”.
2. Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 "On Insurance Pensions".
3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 2, 2014 No. 1015 “On approval of the rules for calculating and confirming insurance experience for the establishment of insurance pensions.

According to these laws, the pension fund determines the duration of the insurance period, the value of the individual pension coefficient and the amount future pension.

How to find out the size of the future pension

1. The duration of the insurance - labor - experience, which includes not only the years worked, but also socially significant periods: military service, caring for children, the disabled, elderly relatives, living with a spouse in a place where there was no work.
2. The amount of wages before the deduction of personal income tax in each worked calendar year.
3. Year of retirement. This is especially important if a person is going to retire not immediately at 65 or 60, but later.
4. Individual pension coefficient for each worked year and in total - for the entire working life.
5. The value of the individual pension coefficient for the year of retirement.
6. The amount of the fixed part of the insurance pension, which is set for the year of retirement.

All these data must be substituted into the formula for calculating the pension:

SP = IPC × SPK + (FV × KvFV),

where SP is the amount of the old-age insurance pension;

SPC - the cost of one pension coefficient - points - as of the day from which the old-age insurance pension is assigned. SEC for 2019 is equal to 87.24 R;

FV - a fixed payment to the insurance pension, for 2019 - 5334.19 R;

KvEF - coefficient of increase in EF, which is applied when applying for an insurance pension is postponed.

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Individual pension coefficient

Individual pension coefficient, IPC is the number of points that is given for the completed calendar year.

Calculation of the individual coefficient takes place according to the formula:

IPKtotal \u003d (IPKs + IPKn) × K,

where IPCs is the old individual pension coefficient, that is, the amount of points that a person scored before 01/01/2015;

IPKn - a new individual pension coefficient, that is, the amount of points scored after 01/01/2015;

K - IPC increase coefficient, which is applied when applying for a pension is postponed.

The amount of the IPC for one calendar year depends on the amount of contributions that the employer transferred to the FIU for his employee. It is calculated according to the formula:

IPK \u003d (SV / NSV) × 10,

where CB is the amount of insurance premiums paid by the employer for the employee,

NSV - the standard amount of insurance premiums.

Standard amount of insurance premiums also need to be calculated: multiply the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums by 16%. The limit base for contributions is annually set by the government of the Russian Federation. In 2019, it is 1,150,000 R.

It turns out that NSV in 2019:

1,150,000 R × 16% = 184,000 R.

Additional pension points they give not for the year worked, but for socially significant periods of life.

Examples of periods for which pension points are given

Military conscript service

Number of pension points

Care for a disabled person of the 1st group

Number of pension points

Caring for the elderly over 80

Number of pension points

Care disabled child

Number of pension points

Accommodation with military spouse in a place where there was no work

Number of pension points

Living abroad with spouse-diplomat or consular officer

Number of pension points

Leave to care for the first child up to 1.5 years

Number of pension points

Leave to care for a second child up to 1.5 years

Number of pension points

Leave to care for the third and subsequent children up to 1.5 years

Number of pension points

These scores are also included in the IPKs and IPKn, depending on when the event occurred.

Point value approved by the legislator every year. For the period from 2019 to 2024, the cost of points is approved by Federal Law No. 350-FZ:

• from 01/01/2019 - 87.24 R;
• from 01.01.2020 - 93 R;
• from 01/01/2021 - 98.86 R;
• from 01/01/2022 - 104.69 R;
• from 01/01/2023 - 110.55 R;
• from 01/01/2024 - 116.63 R.

Two periods have been converted labor activity separately:

1. From 2002 to 2014.
2. Until 2002.

The IPC accrued for these periods can be requested through your personal account on the PFR website.

Fixed part of the insurance pension

The pension includes a fixed payment, so to calculate it, you need to know the amount of this payment.

For all, except for the disabled, persons without dependents or without the right to early retirement, in 2019 the fixed payment is set at R 5334.19. Then it will grow:

• from 01/01/2019 - 5334.19 R;
• from 01/01/2020 - 5686.25 R;
• from 01/01/2021 - 6044.48 R;
• from 01/01/2022 - 6401.10 R;
• from 01/01/2023 - 6759.56 R;
• from 01/01/2024 - 7131.34 R.

Premium odds

If you apply for an old-age pension later, and not upon reaching retirement age, then the coefficients for increasing the IPC and PV are applied in the calculation.

The amount of premium coefficients depends on the "delay" in the treatment.

What coefficients are used if you did not immediately apply for a pension

How is the pension calculated?

The old-age insurance pension is calculated on the basis of three conditions.

Age. From 2028, men will retire at the age of 65, women at 60. Now, in the second half of 2019, men of sixty and a half years old and women of fifty and a half years old are retiring.

Number of IPCs. In 2019, it is enough for a future pensioner to have 16.2 points, but in 2024, pensioners must have at least 28.2 points, and in 2026 and beyond - from 30 points.

Only if these conditions are met, the pensioner will be able to receive insurance pension by old age. Otherwise, he will have to wait another 5 years and apply for a social old-age pension, which is much less than the insurance one. The amount of the social pension is determined by the state.

How to calculate pension

After determining the duration of the insurance period, the number of IPC, the cost of one pension point, the amount of a fixed payment for the year of retirement, you can proceed to calculating the pension.

Calculation formula pensions are:

SPst = IPK × STpk + PV,

where SPst - old-age insurance pension;

IPC - individual pension coefficient;

STpk - the cost of the pension coefficient;

PV - fixed payment.

Substitute your data into this formula. The result will be the amount that the pensioner will receive in his hands.

Calculation example. Let's take the conditions for 2024 and fast forward 33 years to 2057, when women who started working at 18 in 2015 will reach the retirement age of 60.

Suppose Anna worked for 30 years at a factory, gave birth to one child, was on parental leave for up to 1.5 years and received a salary of 40 thousand rubles.

First, let's calculate the number of points that Anna has earned in her entire working life.

Each year, the employer transferred insurance payments in the amount of:

40,000 R × 12 × 16% = 76,800 R.

For each year worked, Anna received:

76,800 R / 184,000 R × 10 = 4.17 points.

Over the 30 years she has worked, Anna has accumulated:

4.17 × 30 = 125.22 points.

To the "labor" points you need to add points for caring for the child:

125.22 + 1.8 (1 calendar year) + 0.9 (half a year) = 127.02 points in total.

The cost of 1 point is 116.63 R. We believe:

127.02 × 116.63 R = 14,814.34 R.

We will add a fixed payment to them - 7131.34 R. The total pension is 21,945.68 R.

Calculation of pensions for people who work unofficially. If you work unofficially, do not pay insurance premiums to the Pension Fund and do not score the required number of points, you can only apply for a social old-age pension. You can enter it only 5 years later: for men - at 70 years old, for women - at 65.

In 2019 social pension in old age is 5304.57 R. So much is added to this amount from the budget so that the pensioner begins to receive the regional subsistence minimum for a pensioner.

How to find out the amount of pension savings

All information about pension rights ah and savings are in the personal account of the PFR. You can get it by ordering an extract.

Contact your pension fund or MFC. An extract will be given on paper on the day of application.

Submit a request electronically or a personal account on the PFR website. An email reply will be sent immediately.

How to increase your future pension

There are three ways to increase your future pension.

Buying Retirement Points. If it became clear from the extract from the personal account that there are not enough pension points, they can be purchased in addition. To do this, you need to make voluntary insurance contributions to the FIU. You can buy up to half of the required insurance experience - no more than 15 years.

Getting the maximum contributory salary. From 2021, a maximum of 10 points can be earned per year worked.

If in 2021 the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums is the same as now, in order to score 10 pension points, you need to receive 95,833 R or more. Insurance contributions from these salaries will allow you to collect the maximum IPC.

Search for additional future income. Money can be put on a deposit in a bank, open an IIS, invest in real estate. Each of these tools will bring additional income in the future. T-F already wrote

Increasing the pension for entrepreneurs is a particularly relevant question. For the payment of fixed insurance premiums, they are awarded a little more than 1 point, because of this, individual entrepreneurs receive a pension in the minimum amount. Therefore, entrepreneurs are advised to carefully read

How to calculate your old age pension

1. Calculate your insurance experience.
2. Find out the number of accumulated pension points.
3. Find out the value of the pension point and the amount of the fixed payment for the year of retirement.
4. Take into account benefits and bonus factors, if they are eligible.
5. Substitute the data into the calculator on the PFR website, or calculate the pension manually.

The provision of pensions for citizens is the most important social issue for all Russians. It is of interest to those who have already entered into their pension rights, and those who are just preparing to become a pensioner, as well as the younger generation. This is due to the fact that our future life after the end of work depends on the answer to this question.

Types of pensions

Before proceeding to the consideration of the question - what makes up and what the size of a pension in the Russian Federation depends on, it is necessary to identify the types of pensions. Eligibility pension provision have the following categories of citizens on the specified grounds:

1. Insurance pension. Men and women who have reached the retirement age of 60 and 55, respectively, are entitled to it, with the exception of those categories of citizens who are entitled to early retirement (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 29, 2002 No. 781), as well as citizens who "earned" the insurance (or general labor) experience with the use of an increased coefficient (employees Far North, employees of anti-plague institutions, citizens exposed to radiation contamination as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, draft soldiers, workers in the exclusion zone of Chernobyl, etc.).

2. Disability pension.

3. Survivor's pension.

In this article, we will take a closer look at how the insurance pension is calculated, and give an example of calculating a pension for citizens who have acquired the right to an old-age pension.

For the current period of time, there are still quite a few citizens who have work experience in the Soviet Union (before the collapse of 1991) and are preparing to retire. For them, the issue of calculating the old-age pension, taking into account precisely the “Soviet” length of service, as well as labor experience, the calculation of the pension for which was applied until December 31, 2001, remains relevant.

Since January 1, 2002, citizens of the Russian Federation have been forming insurance experience.

The "Soviet" experience (until 1991) and the total length of service (from 1991 to 2002) are taken into account in the appointment and calculation of the old-age pension in accordance with Art. 30 of Federal Law No. 173 of December 17, 2001.

This takes into account the valorization of pensions - this is an increase in the pension capital of all citizens who have work experience before the 2002 reform.

In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation for each year of the "Soviet" experience pension capital citizens increases by 1%, respectively, and for the period of work from 1991 to 2002. - on 10%.

IMPORTANT! The length of service in the Soviet and post-Soviet times is confirmed by the relevant entries in the work book and other documents established for use by the legal order.

An unconfirmed length of service cannot be taken into account in the calculation of a future pension. This is important, because during the period of decay Soviet Union, reorganization of Soviet enterprises, etc. many citizens who have work experience in the former Soviet republics have lost the opportunity to confirm some periods of their work activity and thereby received more low level pensions.

Since 2002, the insurance period has been recorded in the personalized accounting of citizens' pension rights. That is, to calculate the pension in the Pension Fund, only the period of labor activity is accepted, as a result of which contributions were received to the account of the insured person.

The calculation of the pension capital that a person earned in the Soviet Union and in the period up to 2002 is carried out according to the formula:

• PC \u003d (RP - 450) x T, where
  • PC - pension capital,
  • RP - size calculation labor pension,
  • 450 - the amount of the basic labor pension as of 01.01.2002,
  • T is the expected period during which the pension will be paid (228 months).

In this case, the size of the labor pension is calculated according to the following formula:

• RP \u003d SK x ZR / ZP x SZP, where
  • SC - seniority coefficient. For men with 25 years of work experience and for women with 20 years of work experience, it is 0.55. At the same time, it increases by 0.1 for each additional working year, in excess of the specified period, but cannot be increased by more than 0.20.
  • ZR - the average monthly level of earnings of a citizen for 2000 - 2001. It is accepted on the basis of the information of the employer (certificate from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation on the income of the insured person).
  • ZP - the average monthly salary in the Russian Federation for the same period of time (2223.00 rubles).
  • SZP - the average monthly level of wages in the Russian Federation for the period from 01.07 to 30.09.2002 (1671.00 rubles).

It is worth noting that when calculating the ratio of SR / SR should not exceed an indicator of 1.2; for calculating the "northern" pension - 1.4; for citizens with a district coefficient from 1.5 to 1.8 - no more than 1.7; from 1.8 - no more than 1.9.

An example of calculating a pension

Calculation of pension until 2002

For clarity, let's consider the calculation of the amount of pension capital using the example of a kindergarten teacher, a woman who has work experience in the Soviet Union and work experience before and after the 2002 reform (the total length of service is 25 years - early retirement for teachers, in accordance with the Government Decree No. 781 dated October 20, 2002).

Suppose that this citizen retired in 2014, before the modernization of the insurance pension system. At the same time, her average monthly salary until 2002 was 2,000 rubles, and her monthly income from 2002 to 2014 was 2000 rubles. - 15,000 rubles. (throughout the period).

1990 - 1 year of "Soviet" experience (valorization by 1%);

1991 - 2001 - 11 years of total work experience (valorization by 10%);

2002 - 2014 - 13 years of insurance experience;

SC \u003d 0.55 + 0.5 (5 years in excess of the required experience) \u003d 0.60

ZR \u003d 2000 rubles.

RP \u003d 0.60 x 2,000 / 2,223 x 1671 \u003d 901.94 rubles. - the size of the labor pension

PC1 \u003d (901.94 - 450) x 228 \u003d 10 3042.32 + 11 334.66 (11% valorization)

114,376.975 – pension capital formed by a kindergarten teacher before 2002.

Calculation of the insurance pension

The insurance pension began to be formed for all citizens of the Russian Federation in 2002. It is formed from 16% of insurance premiums from the payroll, which the employer makes on account of his employees in the Federal Tax Service (until 01/01/2017 in the Pension Fund). In total, the insured sends 22% of insurance premiums to the account of his employees for the formation of their future pension. 16%, as we have already found out, go to finance the insurance pension, and the remaining 6% go to the obligatory pension savings Russians (from 2014 to 2019 funding for funded pensions is “frozen”). According to the assurances of the Government of the Russian Federation, all under-received pension savings of citizens are taken into account in the insurance pension. In the calculation of pension capital in our example, we will not take into account 6% in the insurance pension for 2014, since the PFR does not provide their accounting method.

The pension capital, which is formed within the framework of the insurance system, as noted earlier, depends on the length of service and the level of income of a citizen. Since the insurance premiums, which form the future pension capital of a citizen, directly depend on his salary (payroll - wage fund).

Until 2015, the pension capital within the insurance pension was calculated according to the following rules:

• PC2 = salary x 12 months. x 16% x P, where
  • ZP - monthly salary of a citizen,
  • 16% - the rate of insurance contributions towards the insurance pension,
  • P - insurance experience (years)
• PC2 = 15,000 x 12 months x 16% x 13 = 374,400 rubles. – pension capital earned by the educator from 2002 to 2014.

Total pension payment to the educator kindergarten after 25 years of operation will be:

• SP \u003d PC / T + B, where
  • SP - insurance (state) pension,
  • PC – pension capital (PC1+PC2),
  • T is the expected period of payment of the pension,
  • B - basic pension.

The basic pension is guaranteed to all Russians and is paid even to those citizens who have not earned the right to an old-age insurance pension. This minimum social benefit, which is calculated depending on the level of the subsistence minimum, is annually indexed by the state. In 2014 B = 3910.59 rubles.

• SP \u003d (114,376.96 + 374,400) / 228 + 3910.59 \u003d 6054.35 rubles. - an insurance pension for a kindergarten teacher, the right to which a citizen acquired after years of service (25 years).

It should be noted that annually, twice a year, the state (insurance) pension is indexed to the actual (officially set inflation rate for the previous year) and to the level of growth of the subsistence minimum. Therefore, the final indicator of the amount of the insurance pension in our example will increase annually depending on the growth in consumer prices.

The formula for calculating pensions in 2017

In 2015, the method of accounting for the insurance pension and the right to acquire it have changed significantly. Pension calculation is now done using pension points.

In order to understand how pension points are calculated to be credited to the future rights of a citizen, consider an example:

A citizen with a salary of 50,000 rubles. monthly can earn for 2017 the following number of points:

• CPB = SW year / (NB year x 16%) x 10, where
  • CPB - the number of pension points,
  • SV year - the amount of insurance premiums of a citizen for the year,
  • NB year - the maximum established taxable base in the current year (in 2017 - 876,000 rubles).
• CPB \u003d (50,000 x 12 months x 16%) / (876,000 x 16%) x 10 \u003d 96,000 / 140,160 x 10 \u003d 0.685 x 10 \u003d 6.85 points a citizen with a salary of 50,000 rubles. will work in 2017.

While the maximum possible number in 2017 is 8.26 points, 6.85 points will be credited to the insurance pension of the insured person.

Suppose that after 15 years of work, with unchanged earnings, tax base and the cost of a pension point (in 2017 - 78.28 rubles worth 1 pension point), a citizen will be entitled to an insurance pension (subject to reaching retirement age or the right to early retirement pension), since he will have 15 years of insurance experience and the number of pension points will be 102.75, which is more than 30.

• SP \u003d IPC x SIPC + FV, where
  • SP - insurance pension,
  • IPC - the sum of all pension points that a person has earned during his working life,
  • SIPC - the cost of 1 pension point, which is set in the year the pension was awarded (we took it as the indicator set in 2017 - 78.28 rubles),
  • PV - a fixed payment, which is established by the state (in 2017 - 4805.11 rubles).

In our calculation of the insurance pension, we took the size of the PV at the level of 2017, but it should be borne in mind that this figure changes every year after indexation.

• SP \u003d 102.75 x 78.28 + 4805.11 \u003d 12,848.38 rubles.

This amount will be the citizen's insurance pension after retirement in 2031 with unchanged salary indicators, the cost of 1 point and a fixed payment.

However, since 2002, the pension of Russians has been formed from two parts: insurance and funded. For completeness of information, we present the calculation of the funded pension.

Calculation of the size of the funded pension

The funded pension is financed from the insurance premiums of employers on account of their employees and amounts to 6% of the payroll (from the official earnings of a citizen). From 2014 to 2019 The pension savings of Russians are “frozen”, therefore they increase exclusively through voluntary contributions (including contributions to the pension co-financing program) and through additional income provided by insurers (NPF, UK, GUK - VEB) to their clients as a result of investment activities .

For the reliability of the calculation of the funded pension according to the previously given example, we will take into account that until 2019 a citizen does not have a funded pension, and assume that in 2019 the “unfreezing” of the full funded pension rate of 6% will be approved.

The income of a citizen is unchanged and amounts to 50,000 rubles.

• SV \u003d 50 00 x 6% x 12 months. = 36,000 rubles. - the amount of insurance contributions to the funded pension for 1 year.

Suppose that a citizen has chosen an NPF with a yield of 10% annually.

It should be noted that since 2016, Russians have the right to change the insurer without loss of profitability no more than once every five years. Therefore, it is after this time that investment income is accrued to customer accounts, we will also take this into account in further calculations.

For 13 years of work of a citizen with his constant earnings, constant profitability of NPFs and “unfreezing” of savings in 2019, an accumulation capital in the amount of 890,100 rubles was able to form.

Retirement savings can be received in the form of a lump-sum payment or in the form of monthly payment funded pension. In order to receive all the savings one time, it is necessary that the amount of pension savings does not exceed 5% of the amount of the insurance pension. Otherwise, the citizen will be paid a monthly amount, which is calculated according to the following formula:

• NP = NK / T, where
  • NP - funded pension,
  • NC - the total amount of accumulated pension capital,
  • T - period of payment of pension:

• NP \u003d 890 100 / 258 \u003d 3,450 rubles.

This amount will form a funded pension in the form of a monthly increase to the amount of the insurance pension.

In total, the pension provision of a citizen will be:

• PV \u003d joint venture + NP \u003d 12,848.38 + 3450 \u003d 16,298.38 rubles.

We received the amount pension payment a citizen who worked from 2017 to 2031 and had an official income of 50,000 rubles, while we took all the data for calculation for 2017 and left them unchanged throughout the entire time period.

What, first of all, affects the size of the future pension, the correspondent of VN.ru found out with the help of specialists from the regional branch of the Pension Fund of Russia.

The insurance pension is formed from Money, which the employer lists for his employee throughout his working life. Now the insurance pension is calculated using a system of points that are earned by a citizen for each year and are summed up for his entire career. A payment from the state (fixed payment) is added to it - an analogue of the basic part of the pension. Today its size is about five thousand rubles. The pension, like the fixed payment, is annually indexed to inflation. There is also another type of pension - funded. It is for those who have retirement savings.

Most people in Russia today receive an old-age insurance pension. There are three specific conditions for her appointment. The first is the achievement of the generally established retirement age (today it is 55 for women and 60 for men). The second condition is the presence of a minimum length of insurance experience - at least 15 years (this indicator is introduced in stages: this year it takes 9 years, next year it will be 10, etc.). And the third condition is the presence of a minimum number of individual pension coefficients (there should be at least 30 by 2024, and in 2018 - 13.8).

What determines the size of the pension today? The pension is calculated depending on the number of individual pension coefficients earned. The sum of the coefficients that a person has earned during his entire career is multiplied by the cost of one coefficient. This results in the amount of the insurance pension. The higher the salary, the higher the ratio.

“First of all, the size of the future pension is affected by the size of the official (“white”) salary - with official employment, recalls the deputy head of the PFR branch in the Novosibirsk region Lyudmila Yakushenko. - From the official salary, the employer pays contributions to the pension fund, where all this information is taken into account in the form of pension rights. Now every person officially employed and insured in the mandatory pension insurance system can go to his personal account on the PFR website and see how much individual coefficients he has already earned at the moment.

Deputy Manager of the PFR branch for the Novosibirsk region Lyudmila Yakushenko

What do people of pre-retirement age need to do now to increase their pension? The answer is simple - the size of the pension is directly affected by the official salary and it is taken into account throughout the entire working life of a person. Also, the length of service directly affects the size of the pension. The higher the length of service, the more a person earns, the more insurance premiums are paid for him, the greater the amount of individual pension coefficients. So the effect of seniority and official wages on the size of the pension is obvious.

By the way, experience includes not only labor activity. The law provides for periods for which certain coefficients are also established - they are taken into account when assigning a pension. For example, this is military conscription or a period of caring for a child up to one and a half years.

“The size of the pension may also be affected by a later exit to a well-deserved rest,” explains Lyudmila Yakushenko. - If a person decides to grant him a pension later than the established retirement age, then for each full year of application later (retirement age) - additional coefficients are set for him. For example, if a woman decides to retire not at 55, but at 56, then her insurance pension increases by 1.07 times, and 5 years later - by 1.45.

“In fact, it is not so important what exactly the formula for calculating a pension is now, it is important that a person has an official salary, a certain length of legal work experience,” says Lyudmila Yakushenko.

The next point is also important - it is impossible to earn a high pension only in the last year or two of a career. When calculating the pension, the entire contribution to the formation during the entire working life is taken into account: not only the salary, possibly high, at the end of a career, but all his working activity throughout his life.

When calculating the pension, only official information will be taken into account. Recall again. already today you can see in your personal PFR account what the individual coefficient will be. This information comes to the FIU from the employer, so the size of the future pension depends on his conscientiousness.

Unlike people of pre-retirement age, young people do not yet think about the size of their future pension. But now it is worth clarifying the prospects for the expected size of payments. Because for young professionals, first of all, the indicator of the "purity" of wages is important. If in the future a person plans to receive decent pension, the salary should not be either "black" or "gray". Only official, "white" wages give a chance for a decent pension.

“The formation of a person's pension right begins from the first day of his labor activity. And if, in addition to the main job, there is also additional income, then it is also important to have an official employment contract that provides for contributions to the pension fund,” reminds Lyudmila Yakushenko.

Ahead of us is the implementation of a new pension bill. If a retirement age will be increased, how will this affect the increase in the size of the pension? PFR specialists are confident that the accrual principle will continue even if the bill on raising the retirement age is implemented. If a person works more, then he will have more funds, from which pensions will be calculated later.

Now there are many pensioners who continue to work while receiving a pension. According to the regional branch of the PFR, today in the Novosibirsk region 25% of the total number of pensioners are employed. They were assigned a pension, which is paid without taking into account current indexation, however, annually, from August 1, it is recalculated taking into account their labor contribution for the previous calendar year. Non-working pensioners are subject to annual indexation of payments. The coefficient is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. For example, since January 2018, insurance pensions have been indexed by 3.7%.

Last week I met with a friend who just recently retired. My retirement age is also not far off, so it was interesting for me to find out what determines the size of the old-age pension and the procedure for calculating it.

After talking with a friend and learning from him a lot new information I decided to go to Pension Fund, in order to clarify a few points regarding the calculation of pensions. In this article, I collected the maximum useful information, which, I hope, will help readers understand the peculiarities of calculating the old-age pension.

Any citizen of the Russian Federation who has reached retirement age can apply for an old-age pension.

My friend applied for a pension in October last year, since on the 3rd he turned 60 years old, and this is the retirement age for men. Women can apply for a pension upon reaching the age of 55.

You have probably heard about the Government's plans to raise the retirement age. I clarified these rumors with the Pension Fund and they did not turn out to be true: indeed, starting from 2019, the retirement age will gradually increase. This means that in 2019 it will be possible for ladies to take a well-deserved rest only from the age of 56, and for gentlemen from the age of 61.

The retirement age will increase every year until 2028, when women of 60 and men of 65 will be able to retire. After 2028, the retirement age will not increase.

Old-age pension with and without service

Before retiring, my friend worked for almost 40 years at a large industrial plant. I, at my age of 52, have only 20 years of official work experience. I asked the FIU specialist if I could apply for a pension with such experience, and this is the answer I received:

1. You can apply for a pension without experience. It turns out that even those citizens who have not worked a single day during their lives have the right to a pension. Such persons are entitled to a social old-age pension. The same pension is paid to those whose experience "does not reach" the minimum.
2. For a labor pension, you need official experience. It turned out that 9 years of experience would be "enough" for my friend's labor pension. This is how much you need to work out to receive an insurance pension in 2019.

As the Pension Fund told me, the requirements for seniority for pension increase by 1 year every year. In 2024, the minimum length of service for a pension will be 30 years and will be fixed at this level in subsequent years.

I tried to calculate how much seniority I would need to retire. In 2031, I will be 65 years old. By that time, you will need to have 30 years of experience. Now my experience at 52 is 20 years, which means that over the next 13 years I need to “add” at least another 10 years of experience.

What determines the amount of the old-age pension

The most interesting question for me was the procedure for calculating the old-age pension. I heard about the Pension Reform on TV, but I did not fully understand what it consisted of. I filled this gap by asking questions to the FIU specialist. Now I will tell you what determines the size of the old-age pension.

As I said earlier, the old-age pension is social (without experience) and insurance (with experience). Social old-age pension is paid in a fixed amount. If in 2019 you draw up a social pension, then you will be assigned a payment of 5,180.24 rubles / month. In 2019, this amount will be increased taking into account indexation.

The situation with the insurance pension is a little more complicated. To calculate it, a formula is used that takes into account several indicators.

Actually, the formula looks like this:

StrPens = IPC * StPensB + FixVypl;

Fixed Payout is an amount that is assigned by the Government in a fixed amount. StPensB is the amount the government paid for each pension point.

What fixed payment pensioners can expect this year can be found in the FIU. You can also inquire about the cost of the IPC. By the way, these indicators are set by the Government at the end of the year and are valid for the entire next year.

If you are a happy pensioner in 2019, then you are entitled to a fixed payment of 4,982.90 rubles, and an IPC unit for you will be 81.49 rubles.

Now let's deal with the IPC. As the Pension Fund explained to me, IPC are pension points that a pensioner accumulates throughout his life. It turns out that the higher your salary, the more contributions the employer will pay, which means that the greater the indicator of the accumulated IPC will be.

It turns out that IPC is the only variable that is used in calculating pensions. Otherwise, the size of the old-age pension depends on the fixed values ​​that are set by the Government.

How to calculate your old age pension yourself

Let's try to calculate the pension yourself. To do this, you need to know the value of your own IPC. The PFR calculates the number of pension points accumulated for you automatically, based on reports submitted to the Pension Fund by employers.

You can find out your IPK in one of the following ways:

1. Please contact the FIU. You can personally visit the FIU and find out there all the information you are interested in, as I did. You can apply to the territorial body of the Pension Fund at the place of your registration, having a passport with you.
2. Use the Internet. The website of the Pension Fund has a very convenient online calculator with which you can quickly calculate your IPC. To do this, you will need to fill in several fields (gender, year of birth, number of children, salary, etc.) and click the "Calculate" button. The result of the calculation will appear on the screen - the number of pension points you have accumulated. Here is a link to the calculator http://www.pfrf.ru/eservices/calc/.
3. Calculate the IPC yourself. You can also determine the number of pension points by self-calculations. The difficulty is that the IPC before and after 2015 is calculated differently. To begin with, you need to find out how much contributions the employer paid for you before 01/01/2015, then divide this amount by 228, and then another 64.1. So you will receive an IPC until 2015. After that, you need to find out the accrued salary and tax limit for each year (2015, 2016, 2017, etc.) and calculate the IPC using the formula:

IPC after 2015 = (Salary * 16 / 100) / (PrimValue of Taxation * 16 / 100) * 10.

Such a calculation must be made for each year, starting from 2015, then all indicators must be summed up and the IPC calculated until 2015 should be added to them. The result obtained will be your IPC, which is used to calculate the pension.

From my own experience, I can say that I did not manage to calculate the IPC on my own. But I successfully used the online calculator on the PFR website, and then double-checked the result of the calculation with a specialist in the Pension Fund.

In order to finally understand the procedure for calculating the old-age pension, we use an example.

Imagine that someone Ivan Kulebyakin draws up a pension in 2019. In April 2019, he turned 60 years old, his work experience is 30 years, which means he is entitled to an insurance pension.

According to the results of the calculation, IPC Kulebyakin - 22.3 points.

Let's calculate Kulebyakin's pension:

RUB 4,982.90 + 32.3 * 81.49 rubles. = 7.615.03 rubles.

conclusions

Summing up, I will say that the size of the pension depends, first of all, on your length of service. If your work experience is less than necessary (in 2019 - 9 years), then you are assigned a fixed social pension (5,180.24 rubles).

If you qualify for service, your pension depends on the number of pension points you have accumulated during your working life, also known as the CPI score. The more IPC, the higher the pension. You can find out how many pension points you have on the PFR website or directly at the Pension Fund at your place of residence.

In the PFR department in the Altai Territory. Zinaida Gubanova, head of the department for organizing the appointment and recalculation of pensions, answered the questions.

- How does the future pension depend on the length of service?

The longer the period during which insurance premiums were paid to the Pension Fund and the higher the salary, the larger the amount of contributions reflected on the individual personal account of the insured person in the Pension Fund of Russia and the higher the insurance pension will be.

You can get acquainted with your pension rights, find out everything about your length of service, earnings, the amount of insurance premiums without leaving your home, through Personal Area citizen on the website of the Pension Fund of Russia. Your rights are formed on the basis of the data that the FIU received from employers. If you think that any information is not taken into account or not taken into account in full, contact the employer to clarify the data and submit it to the Pension Fund in advance.

- Does it matter at what age you retired?

For example, when applying for an old-age insurance pension five years after the right to it arises, the total amount of the pension can be approximately 40% higher.

- And how can the size of the official salary affect the future pension?

- Does something depend on the option of pension provision?

So, the future pension depends on the following four factors: the size of the official (white) salary, length of service, retirement age and the pension option that every citizen chooses for himself.