The usual size of a geode ranges from one centimeter to one meter across. Small (less than 1 cm) geodes are called tonsils. Large geodes - especially large ones large enough for a person to enter - are commonly referred to as caves and usually have personal names. Academic science tends to call geodes any (regardless of shape and size) cavities in rock masses, "overgrown" from the inside with crystals of natural minerals.

Both tonsils and geodes are so-called secretions. Geology classifies secretions as small mineral bodies.

Geodes are formed by natural (sometimes very fast and intense) growth of crystals inside a closed cavity in the rock. Minerals deposited inside the geode do not necessarily crystallize. Secretions with internal layers of semi-precious stone look the most attractive.

The content of the geode is always different in composition from the rocks containing the secretions. Periodic flooding of the area, direct contact of the rock mass by hydrothermal sources leads to the precipitation of various minerals in cavities (cracks, ruptures, gas bubbles). And if Pliny, describing geodes, spoke of stone bags filled with clay, then modern mineralogists especially highlight geodes, inside of which crystalline druses have grown.

"Druse" is German for "brush"

Approximately the same picture appears before an observer considering an ordinary brush. Her bristles are tangled, multidirectional, but still stick together. The similarity of crystalline growths with brushes is so obvious that terminological German borrowing in Russian is used along with its translation. Minerologists characterizing nature natural gems, equally often use the terms "druse" and "brush".

From a scientific point of view, two crystals fused together are already a druse. The expression "brush" in last years more applied to druze, composed of small (measured by several millimeters) crystals. A druse, in which the direction of crystal growth proceeds from the center, is called a "flower".

The structure of the geode

The outer crust of the geode is relatively thin, often has gaps, but is strong enough to hold its shape. The outer part of the silica geode is folded. Among the varieties of natural minerals that make up the shell of the geode are quartz, chalcedony, white or banded agate, and greenish chrysoprase.

The inner surface of geodes, of interest to gemologists, is usually covered with crystals. The absence of interference allows gem crystals to grow unhindered (usually towards the center of the geode). The natural facets of the crystalline bodies that fill the geodes are clearly expressed. Close proximity often leads to the fusion of individual crystals up to the formation of a continuous mineral monolith inside the geode.

Ground solutions, getting into rock cavities, lose moisture. An increase in the concentration of salts dissolved in water contributes to the crystallization of the precipitate. Most often, geodes contain substances that are usually present in mineralized waters. Compounds of calcium and silicon, barium and sulfur, aluminum and other metals are the main finds of mineralogists who open geodes.

Varieties of geodes

The process of crystallization in sedimentary rock is not always uniform. Therefore, not all concretions are spherical, but all have a radial-radiant structure. Crystals in concretions can undergo changes that lead to the appearance of cavities - a geode.

Among others, recrystallization geodes are distinguished. Re-dissolution of already formed crystals, and their subsequent growth in the vacated space from a concentrated solution, always leads to a decrease in the amount of impurities in the body of the formed mineral. Impurities carried away with moisture are not replaced by anything - this is how free space appears in the closed volume of the concretion. Over time, the cavity turns into a geode.

Often there are limonite geodes. They appear as a result of oxidative processes occurring in concretions of iron ore deposits.

Limestones and chalk deposits are rich in silicon nodules. Silica geodes can form in them. They are of considerable interest to the connoisseur of the precious stone. The crystalline content of quartz geodes is often a semi-precious brush.

Metasomatic geodes are the product of incomplete replacement of some minerals by others. Representing considerable scientific value as a key to understanding the processes that occur latently in sedimentary rocks, metasomatic geodes are usually of no gemological value.

Precious Geodes

Geodes larger than human height are exhibited in museums in Brazil and Uruguay. Small amethyst tonsils are cut, set into precious metals and sold as jewelry.

In our country, there are highly decorative geodes with internal deposits of quartz minerals. Agate, sapphirine chalcedony, as well as amethyst and hematite are minerals that often fill (or form) geodes found in Russia. Extremely expressive agates in geodes are found in the north of the Asian continent.

The French Alps give geodes, strewn with calcite crystals from the inside. Geodes are brought from Africa and Asia with. Very beautiful azurite geodes are found in America. In the Urals, a mineralogical hobby is very popular: the search for quartz “spoons” (as geodes are called here) with rock crystals inside.

mining geode

Experienced prospectors do not hesitate to check old workings - both surface and quarries, shallow mines. Acting by touch, light, with a hand tool; Guided more by intuition than by exploration data, they reseed eroded rock layers, dig up river sediments, and examine vein outcrops of minerals.

Not every geode found is rich in gems. However gems from the quartz family - translucent rauch-topazes, greenish-yellow citrines, purple and - are quite common in geodes.

Among all the wonders of nature, the world of stones and minerals is distinguished by a fantastic variety and harmony of combinations of color and shape. Perfection contrasts with fragility, and the geometry of forms can bewitch. Nature is the most talented artist, her works are priceless, they are endowed with ancient energy, strength and divine beauty. The world of stones is represented by thousands of types of shapes and colors. And the structure of the mineral can often be seen only under a microscope, since crystalline formations are so small that they are not visible to the naked eye.

The variety of crystals is as great as the variety of human faces. Like us, crystals have not only an individual appearance, but also internal energy. Each stone has its own character and power. The color of minerals is diverse and changeable, this is primarily due to the incorporation of various elements into the crystal lattice. Each mineral is formed as a result of synthesis, which occurs along strict laws physics and chemistry.

The fantasy of nature gives crystals bizarre shapes, whether it be a bunch of Mesolithic stems, a sandy rose of gypsum, a mysterious bismuth labyrinth or a whole universe inside an agate geode. No wonder these treasures become coveted collectibles. In this case, I was no exception. The set of my minerals can hardly be called a collection, but it contains stones that are dear to me, which are with me for a long time, feed me with strength and inspiration.

And today I want to talk about the main and most common types of crystals: druses, geodes and single crystals.

Druza(translated from German Druse means "brush"
is a set of intergrown crystals. However, not all crystalline intergrowths are considered to be druse. Druse is usually understood as intergrown crystals randomly located on the same base. The size and number of crystals in a druse may vary. For example, druse, the crystal size of which is a few millimeters is called brushed. A druse with a flat base and crystals directed away from the center is called flower. Such formations line the walls of voids, grow on the walls of cracks, and occur in open rock cavities. Aggregates in the form of druses of crystals are characteristic of many minerals - quartz, calcite, fluorite, pyrite, barite, feldspars, garnets, etc.

Drusa in a more global sense is a multitude of crystals coexisting together in harmony and peace. This is the personification of a developed society, where each of its members is unique and perfect, but they all live on a common basis, solving common problems. Each crystal affects its neighbors both with its own energy and with the one that it received from its loved ones. Charging each other, druse crystals radiate powerful energy into the surrounding space. Druses are great for cleaning a room as they absorb, transform and radiate energy.

Geode(from Greek geodes, which means "earthy", "earthlike")
- these are geological formations, voids in rocks, the walls of which are usually lined with druses of crystals or spherulitic structures. The shape of the geode can be any, but more often it is round or ellipsoidal. Their sizes can be from several millimeters to several meters. The largest geodes can reach a value of more than 1 meter and are called caves. Small ones, less than 1 cm in size are called tonsils. Geodes are especially common, consisting of minerals of the quartz group (amethyst, rock crystal, agate, citrine, chalcedony, etc.), but they are also characteristic of many other minerals deposited in voids. The largest amethyst geode (Empress of Uruguay) weighs 2.5 tons and is over 3 meters in size.

Due to their rounded shape, geodes collect energy inward, structure, purify and radiate it outward through crystals. Due to the concave shape and many crystals, the energy is enhanced, but unlike single crystals and drusen, it radiates more gently. Geodes are considered shaman stones and are used to gain visions and enter an altered state. The geode is perfect not only for decorating the house, but also for cleaning the space from negative energy. Like druses, geodes can and should be charged with the energy of the sun, moon or candles (fire).

Monocrystal
is a separate homogeneous crystal having a continuous crystal lattice. The external shape of a single crystal is determined by its lattice and the conditions (mainly speed and uniformity) of crystallization. A slowly grown single crystal almost always acquires a well-defined natural cut. And at a high crystallization rate, instead of a single crystal, homogeneous polycrystals (or crystalline grains) are formed, consisting of many small single crystals. Examples of faceted natural single crystals are single crystals of quartz, rock salt, Icelandic spar, diamond, topaz, fluorite, etc.

Single crystals are excellent concentrators, conductors and energy converters. Double-ended single crystals, in contrast to single-vertex crystals, can simultaneously conduct energy in both directions. In lithotherapy, single crystals are used to restore energy channels, to clearly direct the energy of the stone to certain organs. Single crystals are able to bring out the negative and at the same time fill with new positive energy. They are great for restoring and structuring the personality, uniting consciousness and spirit.

Druza (from German Druse - brush)

1) the form of a natural crystalline mineral aggregate. It is a collection of free crystals that have grown at one end (face or edge) on the walls of cracks or closed voids in rocks. In this case, the free part of the crystals is well faceted, and the direction of their main growth is close to perpendicular to the growth surface. D. quartz, amethyst, calcite, antimony shine are often found.

2) In plants, the inclusion of calcium oxalate crystals, which are formed in the cells of many plants in the course of their life (for example, in linden stems, in petioles of begonia, sorrel leaves).

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

See what "Druza" is in other dictionaries:

- (mineralogy) a group of free crystals, grown at one end (face or edge) on the walls of cracks or voids (geode) in rocks. Drusus (biology) intergrowths of crystals inside cell vacuoles Drusus (ecology) tightly ... ... Wikipedia

- [it. Druse brush] agr. to lov, overgrown with one end on some kind of surface and faceted only at one end, facing towards free space. Geological dictionary: in 2 volumes. M.: Nedra. Under the editorship of K. N. Paffengolts and others ... Geological Encyclopedia

Crystal, accumulation, fungus Dictionary of Russian synonyms. druse n., number of synonyms: 4 fungus (23) crystal ... Synonym dictionary

- (German Druse) 1) a form of a mineral aggregate, represented by a group of crystals that have grown on a common base, the wall of a cavity (geodes, miaroli) or an open crack in rocks. Often there are druses of quartz, amethyst, calcite, antimonite, etc ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Women, mountain any galleys (crystals) densely grown on one stone: a pile of galleys, a brush. Dictionary Dahl. IN AND. Dal. 1863 1866 ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Druse- druse Druse, Krack - a mineral aggregate that settles in the empty space, cracks and empty mountainous rocks. At D., the crystals are attached with one end to the surface of the song, and with others they are turned into an empty one. Friends grow up and ... ... Girnichiy encyclopedic dictionary

Druse- A cavity in bedrock where crystals grow... Geography Dictionary

DRUZA- (from German Druse brush) a form of a mineral aggregate, represented by a group of crystals that have grown on a common basis. D. quartz, amethyst, calcite, barite, celestine, and other minerals are often found ... Great Polytechnic Encyclopedia

- (German Druse), 1) a form of a mineral aggregate, represented by a group of crystals that have grown on a common base, the wall of a cavity (geodes, miaroli) or an open crack in rocks. Druses of quartz, amethyst, calcite, antimonite are often found ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (from German Druse brush) the form of a miner. aggregate, represented by a group of crystals that have grown on a common base, the wall of a cavity or an open crack in rocks. Crystals grow at one end preim. perpendicular to the wall, forming a semblance of ... ... Big encyclopedic polytechnic dictionary

Books

• Rainbow Druza. Destruction, Lin Himitsu. The world of people and the world of demons were connected with each other. A mysterious man searches among the people for the disappeared heroes of another reality. They'll have to figure out why they're here, nothing... electronic book

The best friends of any home are the druse of minerals, especially the druse of amethyst. Druse is a set of small, fused with each other crystals. The support for such a bizarre composition is the rock, to which they all “stuck”. In other words, these are crystalline outgrowths that have one common base, the substrate. In nature, the most common accumulations of rock crystal, quartz, amethyst. Amethyst druse is the same quartz, only purple in color, a blue tint is allowed.

Its shades can be different: both dark, pale pink amethyst, and cherry blue. By the way, pink stone- This is a fairly rare occurrence. Although it is very beautiful, transparent, delicate. Pink amethyst can compete with other stones of this range: sapphire, topaz, tourmaline and others. The color of amethyst depends on how much iron it contains. The stone has unusual properties. It shines in the sun. And if it is heated to a temperature of 200 ° C, it will no longer be lilac, but yellow amethyst. It will cool down and get lavender again, purple. How to find out, a natural stone or artificial? You need to put it in a container of water. Real amethyst will become colorless around the edges.

Druse amethyst: magical properties

Raw amethyst is able to help a person gain wisdom, open up new opportunities, develop additional abilities. To double all the power, you can not only wear jewelry made from this stone. You can also keep raw amethyst at home. This is the druse of amethyst. It can also be called a brush. Such an accumulation of stones near a person will help him to improve the surrounding space. And jewelry made of stones does not need to be hidden in the far corner, you need to keep them in sight. In this case, they will also work for the benefit of their master.

Not the best stone for meditation than amethyst. Before important event you need to look at it for a long time. This will help you better concentrate, prioritize, filter out important information. This gem has unique property: He can absorb information and then share it generously. After such a session of communication with a stone, what previously seemed important and insoluble will now turn out to be a trifle. Drusa amethyst is the protector of the home. She will save the family nest from negativity, evil thoughts, and help create harmony in the family. If several amethysts are placed on a table next to a laptop or computer, the dangerous radiation will decrease. If there is an alcoholic in the family, it is imperative to keep an amethyst druse in the house.

If we translate the name of the stone from ancient Greek into Russian, it will mean "non-drunk". These stones have the gift of protecting people from drunkenness.

Amethyst is also a talisman against adultery. For this quality, it is even called the "widow's stone." But there is no need to be afraid of such a gloomy name. He was so nicknamed because he symbolizes eternal love. It is a sign of eternal love, fidelity. It was worn by people who lost their soul mate, as a sign of devotion to past feelings. It is even believed that amethyst has love functions.

If a person wants to make someone fall in love with him, he can give the desired object an amethyst jewelry. Such gifts are sometimes dangerous to accept. But in general, the stone is considered virtuous, peaceful.

Geode: features and impact on humans

A geode has the same power as a druse. This is a cavity in the rock in the shape of a circle or oval. Its voids inside are also filled with "stuck together" minerals. The size of such bowls with crystals can be small or reach several meters. Thanks to the shape of the bowl, the energy of the crystals is collected inside, purified and then released into the surrounding space.

Unlike druse, the energy of the geode is softer. Such vases with minerals are used by shamans in their work. With their help they receive knowledge and data of consciousness. If you place amethyst geodes in the house on the four sides of the world, they will enhance intuition and protect against bad energy. Also, these clusters of gems help get rid of bad habits, reinforce spiritual growth, have a positive effect on people with negative inclinations. Every home and work should have a geode. She is able to protect the child. It just needs to be chosen by him. The geode is charged by the light of the sun, moon or candles.

Amethyst Properties

Some stones cannot be worn permanently. This does not apply to amethyst. Only when regular use he is able to positively influence his owner. But we must not forget that the stone easily absorbs all information, including negative. After quarrels with loved ones, problems at work, it is better to wash amethyst in cold water. He will give her all the negativity and will not then broadcast it to the owner.

Amethyst properties:

1. The stone drives away nightmares. At night, under the pillow, he will relieve insomnia and help you see only pleasant dreams.
2. If you apply it to the forehead, the head will stop hurting, the migraine will pass.
3. The stone helps to tune in a positive way, find peace of mind, calm the nerves. All this will positively affect health in general. It's no secret that all diseases come from the nerves.
4. In the old days, amethyst products were worn when there were outbreaks of infections. People believed in the ability of the stone to stop the epidemic, to protect the owner from the disease. Healers gave the sick amethyst water. Such a drink helped bring down the temperature, remove inflammation.
5. Today, lithotherapists believe that this mineral improves blood supply to the brain, treats depression, apathy.
6. And if you drink the water in which the amethyst lay, you can even cure the kidneys, liver, cleanse the blood vessels and overcome the common cold.
7. Amethyst helps to restore memory, relieves skin problems and wrinkles, removes skin pigmentation, freckles.

Ural amethyst

Amethyst is jewelry stone. This stone is great for both women and men. Women's jewelry with amethyst can be anything: earrings, brooches, rings, beads, pendants. For men, rings are most often made from amethyst.

Black amethyst is best suited for such a signet. It is mined in Uruguay. It is considered rare and therefore valuable. In addition, it has powerful healing powers.

Clears the space around the owner, relieves stress, gives self-confidence and courage. Heals a wounded heart, helps to find new love feelings, calms the nerves.

With amethyst of any color, both silver and gold jewelry look good.

Depending on the precious metal, with which it is framed, the properties of the stone change. Silver items with this gem they will help to establish friendship, business ties, self-sufficiency. Women who dream of children will be able to get pregnant, men - to reconcile with their spouse. If put on golden decoration with amethyst, it will bring the human body to an energy balance.

It is believed that an amethyst ring will strengthen the immune system, and earrings will restore good eyesight. You need to buy jewelry with amethyst, if only in order to protect your descendants, save them from adversity, give happiness. Amethyst, which is inherited, is considered more powerful than ordinary amethyst.

It retains the spirit of the past owners - the values ​​​​of the family will only increase. Astrologers advise against wearing amethyst jewelry for those born under the sign of Taurus or Leo. The rest of the zodiac signs can use it without fear. Aquarius, Gemini, Libra must wear this stone. Amethyst is mined in Brazil, Uruguay, Russia. Ural amethyst is considered the best. Connoisseurs say that it is very difficult for a stone from other deposits to compete with the Ural gems. They are primarily valued for their purple-red hue.

It is known that amethyst is an imperial stone. Russian Tsarina Irina Godunova wore a crown with large purple amethysts.