A new increase in the retirement age, primarily for women. Recall that in our country since January 2017, a phased increase in the generally established retirement age has begun. This year, men and women will retire at the age of 61 and 56, respectively. Every year the required age will increase by six months. the site looked at what time they retire in Belarus and neighboring countries.

The photo is illustrative. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY

AT Belarus The generally established retirement age is increased annually by six months. It is assumed that by January 1, 2022, men will retire at 63, and women at 58.

To do this, you need to develop an insurance experience. Until 2014, the insurance period was 5 years, from January 1, 2014 it was increased to 10 years, and a year later - to 15 years. In 2015, the required insurance period was already 15 years and 6 months. Every year this bar will increase by six months - up to 20 years.

Belarusians who failed to earn the required labor pension insurance experience, can apply for a social pension: men - from 65 years old, women - from 60 years old. Now the size of the social pension is 103 rubles, or 50% of the subsistence minimum budget.

Now the authorities allow another increase in the retirement age. The topic of the SFZN deficit, BelaPAN, was submitted this week for consideration by a group of experts that met in the Council of the Republic. The meeting was attended by senior officials of ministries and departments.

At the official level, the possibility of further raising the retirement age for women is also being considered.

- The proposal that was voiced in the Council of the Republic is to continue raising the retirement age for women. A new stage of raising the retirement age in this case may begin in 2023, the parliamentary circles reported.

The new proposal, which the authorities came up with this week during a meeting of a group of experts in the Council of the Republic, involves the implementation of the next stage of raising the retirement age for women. According to government estimates, an increase in the retirement age for women from 58 to 63 years, which can be implemented in 2023-2032, will prevent an increase in the deficit of the social security fund and at the same time maintain pensions at the current level (at least 40% of the average monthly salary).

AT Russia also want retirement age. In the near future, proposals to raise the retirement age will be submitted to the State Duma of Russia. This was stated by Dmitry Medvedev, who was appointed Prime Minister of Russia the day before, RBC reports. Experts suggest raising the retirement age to 63 for men and 60 for women. Now men in Russia go on vacation at 60, women at 55.

In Ukraine pension reform began to work in the fall of 2017. Since January 1, 2018, the norms have changed seniority for retirement age. Now, at the age of 60, those citizens who have 25 years of age will be able to receive a pension insurance experience. At the age of 63 - those who have from 15 to 25 years of insurance experience, and for 65 and older, only 15 years of experience will be required.

AT Poland lowered the retirement age on October 1, 2017. Now women leave work at the age of 60, and men at 65. Prior to that, the country had a pension reform in 2012, which provided for an increase in the age to 67 for both sexes.

The reform also provides that in the future the minimum length of service will increase by 1 year annually. Thus, by 2028 it should reach 35 years for men and 30 years for women. However, according to the legislation, the retirement age remains unchanged - 60 years. For example, if the length of service is less than 25, but more than 15 years, it will be possible to retire at the age of 63.

Since 2011 Lithuania gradually raises the retirement age: in 2026, women and men will retire at the age of 65. Before that, men in Lithuania became pensioners at the age of 62.5, women at 60.

AT Latvia the retirement age from January 1, 2014 is increased annually by three months - in 2018 for men and women it is 62 years, and from January 1, 2025 this age will reach 65 years. At the same time, the insurance period must be at least 15 years, from January 1, 2025 - 20 years.

AT Estonia the retirement age is gradually increasing, and in 2018 it is 63 years and 6 months. Transition period will last until 2026, when the retirement age will be 65 years.

Economist. Over 15 years of experience in finance. Date: November 11, 2018. Reading time 7 min.

Since 2017, a consistent increase in the retirement age has begun in the Republic of Belarus. Today, men from the age of 61 and women from the age of 56 have the right to a pension. The pension reform will not solve the problem if the distributive nature of the system for providing for the elderly remains in the Republic of Belarus

One of the most important components of the system of social protection of the population of the Republic of Belarus is pension provision. Every disabled citizen of Belarus is entitled to payments from the state. Their size depends on the place and length of service, the position held. Let's talk about what kind of pension in Belarus, to whom and in what order it is accrued, from what age a citizen has the right to take a well-deserved rest.

System pension provision in Belarus operates on a distribution basis. The principle of its operation is that contributions from employees go to pay pensions.

The Republic of Belarus pays pensions to its citizens and foreign nationals permanently residing here. It also applies to citizens of Belarus living in countries with which the Republic of Belarus has international agreements.

Tab. 1. Pension payments assigned in the Republic of Belarus

Those who are unable to earn a living on their own can count on a social pension.

Retirement age in Belarus

The definition of a Belarusian pensioner is exactly the same as in any other country in the world - this is a person who has reached the retirement age established by law and who is entitled to payments from the state. More recently, an old-age pension was appointed:

• 60-year-old men with 25 years of work experience;
• 55 summer women with 20 years experience.

Starting from 2017, the legislator decided that the retirement age in Belarus should gradually increase. In 2018, it reached 61 for men and 56 for women. In 2019, men will receive a pension at 62.5 years, and women at 57.5 years.

At the same time, they will need 16.5 years of insurance experience in 2018, and 17 years in 2019.

The completion of the reform is expected in 2020. By that time, the retirement age will be 58 for women and 63 for men.

This measure was forced. The population is aging, the birth rate is falling, average age Belarusians is growing. And as a result, one working must contain one non-working. From the point of view of economists, such a ratio is fatal.

How is the Social Security Fund formed?

The mechanism is as follows: on a monthly basis, a payroll tax is deducted to the Social Protection Fund for each working citizen:

• 34% from the employer;
• 1% of the worker.

These funds are used to provide pension payments and various benefits. The distribution system is working - no accumulation of pension contributions, everything goes to payments to current citizens of retirement age.

The amount of pension payments by country

At the end of 2017, a pensioner in Belarus received an average allowance from the state in the amount of 314 Belarusian rubles. Minsk pensioners received the most - 316 rubles, and the elderly of the Brest region received the least - 299 rubles. Since the beginning of this year, the average monthly payment has increased by 15.8% and amounted to 363.9 rubles.

The average size of the assigned old-age pension in August 2018 amounted to 374.8 rubles, which is 3% higher than the national average.

Tab. 2. Change in the average amount of granted pensions in Belarus in 2017–2018 (Belarusian rubles)

Source: Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus

The minimum consumer budget for pensioners from November 1, 2018 was set by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection at the level of 349 Belarusian rubles. Pension payments to the elderly are barely enough for the bare necessities.

Unlike an old-age pension, which is granted for life upon reaching retirement age, disability benefits can be established for a specific period, for the extension of which you will have to undergo a re-examination.

Minimum Guarantees

The legislation of Belarus regulates the amount of pensions and additional payments to them, as well as the procedure for calculating payments.

Labor pension

In 2018, it is calculated from the funds earned for the last 24 years in a row, not exceeding the actual length of service. labor activity.

Minimum size set for it:

• by age - 25% of the highest living wage approved for the last two quarters;
• on the occasion of the loss of a breadwinner - 100%, for orphans - 200%;
• for disability: I and II groups - 100%, for group III - 50%, for heroine mothers (regardless of the disability group) - 100% of the minimum age pension;
• retirement pension - 100%.

For those whose labor pensions turned out to be minimal, the state pays extra 20% of the average earnings in Belarus.

The old-age pension must exceed the minimum for pension payments approved by law, and not be lower than 55% of the pensioner's average monthly income.

Social pension

This is a type of benefit calculated from the maximum subsistence minimum for the last 2 quarters in the following amounts:

• 110% - disabled people of group I, including disabled since childhood;
• 95% - disabled since childhood II group;
• 85% - disabled people of group II (excluding disabled people from childhood), children by loss of a breadwinner for each child;
• 75% - disabled people of group III, including disabled since childhood;
• 50% - men from 65, women - from 60;
• 80% - disabled children of the 1st degree of loss of health, 85% - of the 2nd degree, 95% - of the 3rd degree, 110% - of the 4th degree.

Recalculations

The Government of Belarus intends to maintain pension provision at a certain level. For this purpose, pensions are periodically recalculated. Reasons:

• growth of the average monthly salary - at least once a year;
• change in the living wage.

Registration procedure

No one is automatically granted a pension. A citizen of the Republic of Belarus should apply with an appropriate application to the authorities for labor, employment and social protection population.

The employer draws up and provides all documents for his employees. The unemployed must do everything himself.

The set of documents will depend on the type of pension payments. But for any of them, the original and a copy of the work book and a salary certificate are mandatory. You will also need an identity card: a passport of a citizen of the Republic of Belarus or a national passport and a residence permit for a foreign citizen.

This is a list of key documents. If necessary, others are also presented: a military ID, education documents, birth certificates of children, etc. A complete list can be clarified at the social security authority at the place of residence.

All of the above documents (originals) are attached to the application. After consideration, their owner will receive all the papers back.

Results and prospects of pension reform

The past two years have brought their results. True, the population did not feel them. The size of pension benefits and the standard of living of the elderly have not changed significantly. But the labor market felt the consequences. Thanks to those who are now recognized as able-bodied (they already have a job and are unlikely to leave it), career prospects in their homeland turned out to be “closed” for young specialists. We will have to forget about the renewal of personnel in the national economy of Belarus for ten years.

Retirement age increase in all European countries. It was also raised in the Republic of Belarus. But by delaying pensioners in the market, it is necessary to create new jobs, provide more opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses. Will this help save the economy from the "pension" overload and at the same time provide everyone dignified old age?

“It is impossible to completely eradicate the problem by raising the age. pension system really need to change. It is advisable to switch to a mixed one - solidary plus funded "(Valery Borodenia, member of the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus)

In addition, they significantly exceed the level of payments in Belarus.

Now in Belarus, payments to pensioners are provided by contributions from employees and employers to the Social Security Fund. The measures taken by the government of the republic will not solve the problem of the deficit of the Social Security Fund. Today, the share of citizens of retirement age is 25%, by 2050 it will grow and reach 35%.

Citizens who paid insurance premiums or were subject to social insurance for at least 5 years have the right to receive a labor pension in the Republic of Belarus.

Receive pension payments by age in the Republic of Belarus can:

1. Women who have crossed the 55-year threshold and have more than 20 years of work experience.
2. Men over 60 who have worked for more than 25 years.

Payments are accrued in the amount of 55% of the calculated average per month earnings. For each subsequent year worked after the minimum period, the pension is increased by 1% of earnings (not less than a percentage of the minimum pension payment).

In 2017

With the onset of 2017, the retirement age in Belarus will begin to gradually increase. This process will take place with a "step" of half a year. So, this stage of the reform will end in 2022, when the following people will go on vacation:

• women - at 58;
• men - at the age of 63.

Depending on the date of birth, the time for going to a well-deserved rest will be calculated. Women born in the 1st half of 1962 will retire in the 2nd half of 2017 at the age of 55.5 years, and those born after June 1 - only at 60 years old, after the second half of 2019.

Men born in 1957 receive the right to go on vacation no earlier than the 2nd half of 2017, upon reaching 60.5 years.

For the security forces

For 2017, Belarus has set a 45-year service age limit for employees of law enforcement agencies. They will be able to leave the service if they have twenty years of service. However, in accordance with the ongoing reform, this bar will be raised - already in 2033, it will become possible to move into the category of pensioners from the age of 48.

Not everyone will be affected by the increase in age - for those who have risen to the rank of colonel and older, everything will remain the same:

• colonels will also retire at 50;
• lieutenant generals and major generals - in 55;
• colonel generals - at 60.

Security officials who have reached the service age limit may be left to serve (at good health and need) for a five-year period, then it can be extended for the same amount - such a decision will be made by:

1. For ranks up to lieutenant colonel (inclusive) - the direct heads of departments.
2. For colonels and senior ranks - Lukashenka personally.

For civil servants

In 2017, civil servants in the Republic of Belarus can leave their posts and receive preferential pension:

• at the age of 50 - women;
• at 55 - men.

Until the retirement age generally established for all ordinary citizens is reached (55 and 60 years respectively), they will be able to receive only half of the assigned payments. Such a restriction does not apply only to employees with disabilities of groups 1 and 2.

• from the age of 53 - women;
• from 58 - men,

and they will be able to receive the full amount only upon reaching:

• men - 63 years;
• women - 58.

Disabled citizens of the Republic of Belarus do not have the right to receive a labor pension, they are only entitled to preferential payments.

On April 11, 2016, the President of the Republic of Belarus signed a decree “On improving pension provision”, on the basis of which the minimum age required for obtaining a labor pension will be increased by three years and by 2023 will reach 58 and 63 years for representatives of the weak and strong floors, respectively.

Retirement age- this is the number of years determined by law, after which a citizen receives the right to a well-deserved rest and accrual of an old-age pension. Employees and their employers contribute 1 and 28 percent, respectively, throughout their careers, thus providing funds for disability benefits.

In global practice, the average ranges from 60-65 years; retirement in Belarus at the moment occurs at 55 for women and 60 for men. Due to the fact that in our country this figure is lower than the world average and most often does not correspond to the real loss of ability to work, and also because of the annually increasing number of pensioners, a decree was signed on a gradual increase in the retirement age. So, on January 1st of each year, starting from 2017 and ending in 2022, the minimum age for retirement will increase by six months. Thus, from the beginning of 2022, it will be set at 58 and 63 years; no further amendments to the pension legislation are envisaged yet.

For a detailed explanation and calculation of the retirement of each individual person, a table of retirement by year based on the date of birth was compiled. The reform will directly affect approximately 100,000 people each year, 50,000 of whom will have to wait an additional six months for pensions, and the rest one year.

Retirement table from 2017

It is worth noting separately that the age for retirement will be determined not only by the year of birth, but also by the date of applying to the appropriate authority for registration of a pension. So, if a man who was born in October 1957 and has the right to take a well-deserved vacation in October 2018 upon reaching 61 years old, expresses a desire to issue pension benefit later, for example, in March 2019, then he will be able to do this only after reaching the age of 61 years and 6 months, namely, in April 2019, since on January 1, 2019 the retirement age will be increased by six months.

Currently, there are 2,354,000 pensioners in the Republic of Belarus, and in 2015 their number increased by almost forty thousand. This trend forces the state to annually seek additional resources to maintain pension fund. Based on the graph of changes in the total number of pensioners, it is possible to make a forecast about the upcoming costs of pension payments: by 2020 they would increase by 7 percent compared to 2015, and by 2030 - by 20. However, the decision to increase pensions in stages and draw up a new output table retirement from 2017 will reduce budget expenditures under these items and, at least until 2023, maintain them at the current level.

Thus, the application of the retirement table in Belarus will be completed after 07/01/2022, namely, from July 1, 2022 in the Republic of Belarus, women and men, with the exception of privileged categories, will go on a well-deserved rest when they reach 58 and 63 years, respectively .

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